目的论关照下旅游文本的翻译

论文摘要

随着2008年奥运会的到来,越来越多的外国游客来华观光旅游。旅游翻译作为思想交流和增进各国了解的有效媒介,尤其是涉及到景点介绍的翻译,此时显得尤其重要。翻译得好,会激起游客对自然景观和人文地理风情的感悟欲,会唤起他们心中对美好景观的向往,从而充分发挥旅游对外宣传的作用;反之,则会破坏游客的兴致使之产生反感,甚至影响旅游业的发展。目前,研究旅游翻译的书籍比较少,而且死译、漏译和误译的现象时有发生,难以起到吸引外国游客、传播中国文化的作用。鉴于旅游翻译的重要性,我们必须深入研究以提高旅游英译文本的质量。本文从目的论的角度对旅游文本的翻译进行了探讨,以便解决现阶段旅游翻译实践中出现的问题。弗米尔提出的“目的论”正好顺应了社会的发展,满足了翻译实践的需要。它主张翻译首先是一种有目的的行为活动,而且在此理论指导下的翻译策略是可变通的,能否达到交际效果成为衡量翻译的新标准。旅游文本的英译旨在为外国游客提供相关信息,吸引潜在游客来华旅游,从而促进中国旅游业的发展。基于该目的,笔者认为,译者在翻译过程中应该考虑旅游资料的文本功能和其特殊的文本特征,以相应的翻译要求为指导,采取灵活的翻译策略,以达到最好的翻译效果。本文还从目的论角度对现有旅游资料译文进行了分析和总结。在此基础上,归纳了常见的翻译问题及隐藏其背后的重要原因,并试图用目的论来解决。笔者认为旅游资料英译文本中出现的问题与不足可以归结为:忽略译文文本的预期目的、忽略译文的文本功能和预期读者及过分强调对等。所以,在整个翻译过程中,译者必须时刻将译文的预期目的铭记于心,使译文最大限度地为目的语读者所接受。由于汉英语言、文化上的差异,译者在很多情况下必须对原文进行调整和改写,恰当地运用一些翻译技巧:如省略、增译、改写、类比和直译,以便于有效地实现旅游文本的预期功能和目的。笔者希望本文能对旅游资料的翻译实践及其教学带来一定的启示,为更进一步提高中国旅游资料的翻译质量,促进中国旅游业的发展尽微薄之力。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• 0.1 The Motivation to Write This Thesis
• 0.2 Feasibility and Significance of This Thesis
• 0.3 The Structure of This Thesis
• Chapter 1 The General Translation Theory of Reiss and Vermeer
• 1.1 Studies on Skopostheorie
• 1.1.1 Three Hierarchy Rules of Skopostheorie
• 1.1.2 Translation Brief
• 1.1.3 Three Important Features of Skopostheorie
• 1.1.3.1 People or Agents Involved in Translation
• 1.1.3.2 Source Text as an Offer of Information
• 1.1.3.3 Adequacy as the Only Aim in Translation
• 1.2 A Brief Introduction to Text Typology
• 1.3 Summary
• Chapter 2 Tourist Texts and Their Functions
• 2.1 Definition of Tourist Texts
• 2.2 The Features of Tourist Texts
• 2.2.1 Language Features
• 2.2.1.1 Language Features of Chinese Tourist Texts
• 2.2.1.2 Language Features of English Tourist Texts
• 2.2.2 Cultural Features
• 2.2.3 Stylistic Features
• 2.3 The Functions of Tourist Texts
• 2.3.1 Informative Function
• 2.3.2 Appellative Function
• 2.3.3 Persuasive Function
• Chapter 3 Tourist Translation and Translation Errors
• 3.1 The Purpose of Tourist Translation
• 3.2 The Translation Brief for Tourist Translation
• 3.3 The Problems in the Translation of Tourist Texts
• 3.3.1 The Classification of Translation Errors
• 3.3.2 The Existing Problems in the Translation of Tourist Texts
• 3.3.2.1 Linguistic Translation Problems
• 3.3.2.2 Pragmatic Translation Problems
• 3.3.2.3 Cultural Translation Problems
• 3.3.3 Causes of the Existing Translation Problems
• 3.3.3.1 Inadequate Awareness of Translation Purposes
• 3.3.3.2 Inadequate Awareness of Text Functions
• 3.3.3.3 Overemphasis on "Equivalence"
• Chapter 4 The Application of Skopostheorie to Tourist Translation
• 4.1 Considerations to be taken in Tourist Translation from the Viewpoint of Skopostheorie
• 4.1.1 Intended Functions of Target Texts
• 4.1.2 The Acceptance of Target Readers
• 4.1.3 Cultural Differences
• 4.2 Criterion for Successful Translation of Tourist Texts
• 4.3 The Skopos-based Strategy for Tourist Translation
• 4.3.1 Tourist-oriented Translation Strategy
• 4.3.2 Concrete Techniques for the Translation of Tourist Texts from a Perspective of Skopostheorie
• 4.3.2.1 Omission
• 4.3.2.2 Amplification
• 4.3.2.3 Adaptation
• 4.3.2.4 Analogy
• 4.3.2.5 Literal Translation
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 攻读学位期间主要的研究成果