本文主要研究内容
作者钱礼顺(2019)在《超声辅助提取草菇子实体多糖及其结构表征与免疫活性评价》一文中研究指出:草菇(Volvariella volvacea(Bull.)Sing)是一种原产于中国热带、亚热带地区的高温型食用菌。草菇味道鲜美,肉质脆嫩,富含多糖、蛋白和三萜类化合物等多种功能成分。为进一步开发草菇功能性产品,提升其附加值,亟需全面系统地开展草菇多糖的高效提取技术、精细化结构解析及其体内外活性和作用机制等研究。因此,基于当前国内外研究现状,本论文以江南生物科技有限公司生产的新鲜草菇子实体为原料,首先系统地优化超声辅助提取草菇粗多糖的工艺参数,进而与常规热水浸提所得粗多糖对比结构差异,在此基础上全面地研究草菇子实体多糖的分离纯化、精细化结构,并评价其体外免疫活性及作用机制,以期为提升草菇附加值和开发草菇多糖等功能性产品提供参考。主要研究结果如下:(1)优化了超声辅助提取草菇子实体粗多糖的工艺条件。单因素实验结果表明,超声功率、提取温度、超声时间与液料比显著影响草菇粗多糖的提取率。在此基础上,确定了响应面分析法优化各因素的水平范围分别为:超声功率90-210 W,提取温度40-60 ~oC,超声时间20-40 min,液料比10:1-30:1。响应面优化实验设计得到的超声辅助草菇粗多糖提取条件为:超声功率175 W,提取温度57 oC,超声时间33 min,液料比25:1,在此条件下,草菇粗多糖的提取率为8.28±0.23%,与常规热水浸提法(7.56±0.28%)相比,提取率和提取效率均有明显提升。(2)对比分析了超声辅助提取法与热水浸提法所得的草菇粗多糖理化性质及初级结构差异。研究发现,超声辅助提取法所得粗多糖(UAE-VVP)糖含量为65.82%,高于热水浸提粗多糖(HWE-VVP)糖含量(60.78%)。对比单糖组成发现,二者均含有葡萄糖、甘露糖和半乳糖,但超声辅助提取的粗多糖葡萄糖含量为75.63%,高于热水浸提法69.12%。超声辅助提取法中的粗多糖中主要含有255.42 kDa、2.69 kDa和0.1167 kDa等3个组分,其比例分别为24.55%、46.87%和28.58%,而热水浸提法得到的粗多糖主要含有357.56 kDa和2.47 kDda等2个组分,比例分别为92.08%和7.92%。UAE-VVP和HWE-VVP在260 nm及280nm处均无吸收峰,提示两种提取法所得粗多糖中蛋白及核酸含量极低;且两者FT-IR光谱相似,均含有多糖的典型特征峰。(3)分离纯化得到组分相对单一的草菇子实体多糖UAE-VVPI-a,并解析了其精细化结构。将超声辅助提取的草菇粗多糖UAE-VVP经DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow柱层析和Sephadex G-100柱层析逐步分离纯化得到了UAE-VVPI-a、UAE-VVPI-b、UAE-VVPII和UAE-VVPIII等4个组分。其糖含量分别为98.2%、82.5%、8.7%和9.2%,蛋白含量分别为0.8%,5.1%,73.2%和78.9%。体外免疫实验表明,UAE-VVPI-a组分可刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞RAW264.7释放最大量的NO(18.29μM)。对UAE-VVPI-a结构解析发现,其重均分子量约为143.56 kDa,在260 nm、280 nm处均无吸收峰,表明不含蛋白和核酸;UAE-VVPI-a完全由葡萄糖组成,是中性葡聚糖;FT-IR、高碘酸氧化和Smith降解分析发现,UAE-VVPI-a一级结构中含有α-吡喃糖苷键,为1→,1→4和/或1→6键型;甲基化和NMR确定了UAE-VVPⅠ-a是一种主链结构为→4)-α-Glcp-(1→,→4,6)-α-Glcp-(1→为支链,且支链位置为O-6,其比例为1:8:1的新型α-葡聚糖。采用刚果红实验,AFM和SEM等探索了UAE-VVPI-a的三维结构。结果表明,草菇α-葡聚糖UAE-VVPI-a具有三螺旋结构,糖链结构中的多条单分子链互相缠绕,相互聚集,呈现出小的螺旋棒状结构,分子间存在较强的相互作用,在固体状态下多以较大的聚集体存在。(4)研究了草菇α-葡聚糖UAE-VVPI-a的体外免疫活性及其可能的作用机制。结果发现,在31.25-500μg/mL时,UAE-VVPI-a对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞RAW264.7增殖无显著影响;通过测定UAE-VVPI-a对RAW264.7中性红吞噬能力,发现其可显著促进吞噬能力;进而研究发现,UAE-VVPI-a可显著刺激RAW264.7细胞不同程度地分泌NO(7.76-32.52μM),IL-6(48.43-150.27 pg/mL),IL-1β(20.26-46.19 pg/mL)和TNF-α(348.32-820.32 pg/mL)等细胞因子,并呈剂量依赖性;通过qRT-PCR研究表明,UAE-VVPI-a能增强iNOS,IL-6,IL-1β和TNF-α等细胞因子的转录表达水平;结合Western blot结果可知,其主要通过上调MAPK信号通路中的p38,JNK和ERK等蛋白的表达,发挥免疫调节功能。
Abstract
cao gu (Volvariella volvacea(Bull.)Sing)shi yi chong yuan chan yu zhong guo re dai 、ya re dai de ou de gao wen xing shi yong jun 。cao gu wei dao xian mei ,rou zhi cui nen ,fu han duo tang 、dan bai he san tie lei hua ge wu deng duo chong gong neng cheng fen 。wei jin yi bu kai fa cao gu gong neng xing chan pin ,di sheng ji fu jia zhi ,ji xu quan mian ji tong de kai zhan cao gu duo tang de gao xiao di qu ji shu 、jing xi hua jie gou jie xi ji ji ti nei wai huo xing he zuo yong ji zhi deng yan jiu 。yin ci ,ji yu dang qian guo nei wai yan jiu xian zhuang ,ben lun wen yi jiang na sheng wu ke ji you xian gong si sheng chan de xin xian cao gu zi shi ti wei yuan liao ,shou xian ji tong de you hua chao sheng fu zhu di qu cao gu cu duo tang de gong yi can shu ,jin er yu chang gui re shui jin di suo de cu duo tang dui bi jie gou cha yi ,zai ci ji chu shang quan mian de yan jiu cao gu zi shi ti duo tang de fen li chun hua 、jing xi hua jie gou ,bing ping jia ji ti wai mian yi huo xing ji zuo yong ji zhi ,yi ji wei di sheng cao gu fu jia zhi he kai fa cao gu duo tang deng gong neng xing chan pin di gong can kao 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)you hua le chao sheng fu zhu di qu cao gu zi shi ti cu duo tang de gong yi tiao jian 。chan yin su shi yan jie guo biao ming ,chao sheng gong lv 、di qu wen du 、chao sheng shi jian yu ye liao bi xian zhe ying xiang cao gu cu duo tang de di qu lv 。zai ci ji chu shang ,que ding le xiang ying mian fen xi fa you hua ge yin su de shui ping fan wei fen bie wei :chao sheng gong lv 90-210 W,di qu wen du 40-60 ~oC,chao sheng shi jian 20-40 min,ye liao bi 10:1-30:1。xiang ying mian you hua shi yan she ji de dao de chao sheng fu zhu cao gu cu duo tang di qu tiao jian wei :chao sheng gong lv 175 W,di qu wen du 57 oC,chao sheng shi jian 33 min,ye liao bi 25:1,zai ci tiao jian xia ,cao gu cu duo tang de di qu lv wei 8.28±0.23%,yu chang gui re shui jin di fa (7.56±0.28%)xiang bi ,di qu lv he di qu xiao lv jun you ming xian di sheng 。(2)dui bi fen xi le chao sheng fu zhu di qu fa yu re shui jin di fa suo de de cao gu cu duo tang li hua xing zhi ji chu ji jie gou cha yi 。yan jiu fa xian ,chao sheng fu zhu di qu fa suo de cu duo tang (UAE-VVP)tang han liang wei 65.82%,gao yu re shui jin di cu duo tang (HWE-VVP)tang han liang (60.78%)。dui bi chan tang zu cheng fa xian ,er zhe jun han you pu tao tang 、gan lou tang he ban ru tang ,dan chao sheng fu zhu di qu de cu duo tang pu tao tang han liang wei 75.63%,gao yu re shui jin di fa 69.12%。chao sheng fu zhu di qu fa zhong de cu duo tang zhong zhu yao han you 255.42 kDa、2.69 kDahe 0.1167 kDadeng 3ge zu fen ,ji bi li fen bie wei 24.55%、46.87%he 28.58%,er re shui jin di fa de dao de cu duo tang zhu yao han you 357.56 kDahe 2.47 kDdadeng 2ge zu fen ,bi li fen bie wei 92.08%he 7.92%。UAE-VVPhe HWE-VVPzai 260 nmji 280nmchu jun mo xi shou feng ,di shi liang chong di qu fa suo de cu duo tang zhong dan bai ji he suan han liang ji di ;ju liang zhe FT-IRguang pu xiang shi ,jun han you duo tang de dian xing te zheng feng 。(3)fen li chun hua de dao zu fen xiang dui chan yi de cao gu zi shi ti duo tang UAE-VVPI-a,bing jie xi le ji jing xi hua jie gou 。jiang chao sheng fu zhu di qu de cao gu cu duo tang UAE-VVPjing DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flowzhu ceng xi he Sephadex G-100zhu ceng xi zhu bu fen li chun hua de dao le UAE-VVPI-a、UAE-VVPI-b、UAE-VVPIIhe UAE-VVPIIIdeng 4ge zu fen 。ji tang han liang fen bie wei 98.2%、82.5%、8.7%he 9.2%,dan bai han liang fen bie wei 0.8%,5.1%,73.2%he 78.9%。ti wai mian yi shi yan biao ming ,UAE-VVPI-azu fen ke ci ji xiao shu fu qiang ju shi xi bao RAW264.7shi fang zui da liang de NO(18.29μM)。dui UAE-VVPI-ajie gou jie xi fa xian ,ji chong jun fen zi liang yao wei 143.56 kDa,zai 260 nm、280 nmchu jun mo xi shou feng ,biao ming bu han dan bai he he suan ;UAE-VVPI-awan quan you pu tao tang zu cheng ,shi zhong xing pu ju tang ;FT-IR、gao dian suan yang hua he Smithjiang jie fen xi fa xian ,UAE-VVPI-ayi ji jie gou zhong han you α-bi nan tang gan jian ,wei 1→,1→4he /huo 1→6jian xing ;jia ji hua he NMRque ding le UAE-VVPⅠ-ashi yi chong zhu lian jie gou wei →4)-α-Glcp-(1→,→4,6)-α-Glcp-(1→wei zhi lian ,ju zhi lian wei zhi wei O-6,ji bi li wei 1:8:1de xin xing α-pu ju tang 。cai yong gang guo gong shi yan ,AFMhe SEMdeng tan suo le UAE-VVPI-ade san wei jie gou 。jie guo biao ming ,cao gu α-pu ju tang UAE-VVPI-aju you san luo xuan jie gou ,tang lian jie gou zhong de duo tiao chan fen zi lian hu xiang chan rao ,xiang hu ju ji ,cheng xian chu xiao de luo xuan bang zhuang jie gou ,fen zi jian cun zai jiao jiang de xiang hu zuo yong ,zai gu ti zhuang tai xia duo yi jiao da de ju ji ti cun zai 。(4)yan jiu le cao gu α-pu ju tang UAE-VVPI-ade ti wai mian yi huo xing ji ji ke neng de zuo yong ji zhi 。jie guo fa xian ,zai 31.25-500μg/mLshi ,UAE-VVPI-adui xiao shu fu qiang ju shi xi bao RAW264.7zeng shi mo xian zhe ying xiang ;tong guo ce ding UAE-VVPI-adui RAW264.7zhong xing gong tun shi neng li ,fa xian ji ke xian zhe cu jin tun shi neng li ;jin er yan jiu fa xian ,UAE-VVPI-ake xian zhe ci ji RAW264.7xi bao bu tong cheng du de fen bi NO(7.76-32.52μM),IL-6(48.43-150.27 pg/mL),IL-1β(20.26-46.19 pg/mL)he TNF-α(348.32-820.32 pg/mL)deng xi bao yin zi ,bing cheng ji liang yi lai xing ;tong guo qRT-PCRyan jiu biao ming ,UAE-VVPI-aneng zeng jiang iNOS,IL-6,IL-1βhe TNF-αdeng xi bao yin zi de zhuai lu biao da shui ping ;jie ge Western blotjie guo ke zhi ,ji zhu yao tong guo shang diao MAPKxin hao tong lu zhong de p38,JNKhe ERKdeng dan bai de biao da ,fa hui mian yi diao jie gong neng 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自江苏大学的钱礼顺,发表于刊物江苏大学2019-09-19论文,是一篇关于草菇论文,子实体论文,超声辅助提取论文,葡聚糖论文,结构解析论文,免疫活性论文,江苏大学2019-09-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自江苏大学2019-09-19论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:草菇论文; 子实体论文; 超声辅助提取论文; 葡聚糖论文; 结构解析论文; 免疫活性论文; 江苏大学2019-09-19论文;