隐喻的多维思考

隐喻的多维思考

论文摘要

隐喻的研究已经持续了很长时间,但是将修辞隐喻,认知隐喻,和语法隐喻三种隐喻一起研究在国内尚属少数。本文作者在大量的观察的基础上结合最新的认知语言学理论重新探讨了这三种隐喻的关系。自从亚里士多德开创隐喻研究的先河以来,隐喻研究已经取得了很多成果。但是这些成果仅仅是从语言本身层面上所作的考察,以及隐喻这种语言现象的表层描述,另外,前人的研究仅仅局限在修辞隐喻、认知隐喻及语法隐喻各自领域的研究,跨领域的研究寥寥无几。对于三种隐喻的关系的探索目前国内很少有人涉及,本文采用定性和定量及内省相结合的研究方法和认知语言学的原型理论,凸显观等理论探索了三种隐喻的关系,认为修辞隐喻,认知隐喻和语法隐喻是一个连续体,而且是认知隐喻决定修辞隐喻和语法隐喻,另外,这三种隐喻可以用认知语言学中的原型理论加以贯穿。本研究以内省法为主分析和阐述了上述假设的正确性。为了增强内省法分析结果的信度和效度,本研究又辅以定量研究方法验证了作者对修辞隐喻、认知隐喻及语法隐喻之间关系的看法的普遍性和一致性。针对修辞隐喻、认知隐喻及语法隐喻之间关系的分析,本文作者提出了以下假设:1.认知隐喻是根本的,处于决定性地位,它决定了修辞隐喻和语法隐喻,而修辞隐喻和语法隐喻是认知隐喻在语言层面上的表现或者再现。2.紧密联系这三种隐喻的是人类的原型认知能力。3.基于第二个假设,本文作者认为英语学业成绩好的学生在他们的书面表达中倾向于更多的使用语法隐喻。通过内省分析和问卷调查,本文的三个假设得到了充分的验证。从理论意义上讲,这为认知语言学对修辞隐喻、认知隐喻及语法隐喻之间关系的研究提供了一个新的认知分析范式。其实际意义则体现在对英语教学的指导性上,能深化人们对隐喻这一语言现象的进一步认识从而更好的应用。结论部分总结了修辞隐喻、认知隐喻及语法隐喻之间关系并探讨了本研究的局限性和用认知模因来分析三种隐喻的前景展望。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 The Problem
  • 1.2 Research Questions and Objectives
  • 1.2.1 Research Background
  • 1.2.2 Research Questions
  • 1.2.3 Objectives
  • 1.3 Type of Research and Hypothesis
  • 1.3.1 Type of Research
  • 1.3.2 Hypotheses
  • Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework and Related Literature
  • 2.1 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.1.1 Introduction
  • 2.1.2 Prototype Theory
  • 2.1.3 Conceptual Metonymy
  • 2.1.4 Prominent View
  • 2.2. Related Literature
  • 2.2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2.2 Aristotle’s Theory
  • 2.2.3 Different Theories on the Nature of Metaphor
  • 2.2.4 Different Perspectives of the Studies of Metaphor
  • 2.2.5 Cognitive Perspective
  • 2.2.6.A survey of Grammatical Metaphor
  • Chapter 3 Method
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Participants
  • 3.2.1 Participants of RM, CM, and GM
  • 3.2.2 Participants of GM
  • 3.3 Design and Data Analysis
  • 3.3.1 The Design and Data Analysis in RM, CM, and GM
  • 3.3.2 The Design and Data Analysis in GM
  • Chapter 4 Results
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 The Relationship among RM, CM, and GM
  • 4.3 RM, CM, and GM from A Prototype Theory Perspective
  • 4.3.1 Rhetorical Metaphor and Prototype Theory
  • 4.3.2 Cognitive Metaphor and Prototype Theory
  • 4.3.3 Grammatical Metaphor and Prototype Theory
  • 4.4 The Relationship between Grammatical Metaphor and Students’ English Proficiency
  • Chapter 5 Discussion
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Cognitive Memetics and RM, CM, and GM
  • 5.2.1 Cognitive Memetics and RM
  • 5.2.2 Cognitive Memetics and CM
  • 5.2.3 Cognitive Memetics and GM
  • Chapter 6 Conclusion
  • 6.1 Summary
  • 6.2 Validity and Reliability
  • 6.3 Limitation and Further Research
  • References
  • Published Paper
  • Acknowledgements
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    隐喻的多维思考
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