关键节点港口柔性与效率评价

论文摘要

针对目前经济全球化,自然灾害频发,不断缩短的产品生命周期,快速响应客户不断提高的期望等需求的大趋势,迫使供应链合作伙伴确保具有更好的应对和适应竞争问题的手段,即具备创造供应链弹性的能力。弹性能够抵抗供应链绩效的急剧下降和最大限度地减少各种意外的影响。敏捷性、可用性、效率、柔性、冗余、速度及可见性被认为是供应链弹性的重要特征。其中,港口作为保持供应链弹性的关键节点,效率和柔性尤为重要。如果一个可标识节点能够直接影响供应链的整体弹性能力,它就可以成为一个关键节点。事实上,港口是国际供应链中的物流汇合点和配送中心。因此,港口需要物流的柔性和运作的高效率来改善它们所提供的服务,特别是响应能力,而这些正是作为全球竞争的战略举措出现的。基于收集与物流柔性相关的40个属性数据,利用德尔菲方法确定影响当前港口运营较为重要的若干特征。其中,属性“快速有效地传递”,“快速反应地执行”,“有准确和及时的数据”,“有效及高效的信息流”“内部接口流程”,“提高信息质量”和“使用良好的沟通技巧和工具”等对于港口作业尤其重要。此外,对物流柔性与港口运营的关系进行了深入分析,包括：一般操作（规划未来经营和资本投资,海运服务和设施运作,营销和转运服务）,增值服务（装卸,二次加工,仓储及库存）,配送,综合物流链整合服务（例如：装配,质量控制,定制化和包装）,规范运作（监管私有实体,提供各种服务,规范海事安全,保安与环境控制）等。结果表明,在以上所有关系中,物流柔性与港口的一般操作有较强的正相关性。分别从战略柔性,系统柔性,服务提供商柔性和组织柔性等视角选取了与港口柔性相关的28个属性。其中,“劳动力规模和结构的变化”,“确保准确和及时的数据”,“采取灵活的工作时间安排”,“与出口和进口报关兼容”等是影响港口柔性最重要的特征；而对于交货和包装的提前准备对港口柔性的影响较小。利用DEA方法分析了中国与东盟五国的多个港口效率。中国港口效率比东盟五国的各个港口效率都要高。此外,采用DEA-CCR方法对缅甸的五个港口效率进行了分析,其中,MITT港通过实践最灵活满足客户需求的手段而获得最高的效率。这些结论与港口柔性相结合以找出最为灵活和高效率的港口作为创造供应链弹性的关键节点。MITT港提供最大柔性的服务并取得最高的港口效率,作为关键节点保持了供应链的弹性。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Research background
• 1.2 The purpose and significance
• 1.3 Ports as critical node
• 1.4 Structure of the thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Supply chain resilience
• 2.2 Critical node
• 2.3 Logistics flexibility
• 2.4 Seaport Efficiency and Logistic Flexibility
• 2.4.1 Seaport Efficiency
• 2.4.2 Logistics Flexibility concerning with port efficiency
• 2.5 Efficiency of ports
• 2.5.1 Data Envelopment Analysis（DEA）
• 2.5.2 Financial Risk
• Chapter 3 Node Criticality,and Supply Chain Perspective
• 3.1 Supply Chain
• 3.2 Logistics flexibility
• 3.3 Port as a node
• 3.4 Efficiency of port
• 3.5 Efficiency attributes resilience
• Chapter 4 Logistics Flexibility
• 4.1 Methodology
• 4.1.1 Selection of respondents
• 4.1.2 Preliminary Delphi
• 4.1.3 Prioritization Delphi
• 4.2 Results and analysis
• 4.2.1 Round 1
• 4.2.2 Round 2
• 4.2.3 Round 3
• 4.2.4 Results of prioritization Delphi and further analysis
• 4.3 Implic ations of findings
• Chapter 5 Logistics Flexibility and its Relation to Port Operations
• 5.1 Logistics Flexibility
• 5.1.1 Model of logistics flexibility
• 5.1.2 Correlations of attributes of logistics flexibility
• 5.1.3 Overall model of logistics flexibility
• 5.2 The relationship between Logistics flexibility and port operation
• 5.3 Implications of Findings
• Chapter 6 Analyzing the flexibility of port operations
• 6.1 Methodology
• 6.2 Results and analysis
• Chapter 7 Exploring the Efficiency of Ports
• 7.1 Port throughput analysis of China and five member countries of ASEAN
• 7.1.1 Data collection and analysis
• 7.1.2 Model Development with some assumptions
• 7.1.3 Test of the model and discussion
• 7.1.4 Throughput comparison
• 7.2 Efficiency measurement of ports in Myanmar using DEA
• 7.2.1 The structure of the ports
• 7.2.2 Data collection and efficiency analysis
• 7.3 Efficiency evaluation of MITT and AWPT based on BOT project from the financialperspective
• 7.3.1 Methodology
• 7.3.2 Form of ownership and port facilities
• 7.3.3 Cost of capital of MITT and AWPT operators
• 7.3.4 Findings
• 7.4 Comparison of Flexibility and Efficiency
• Chapter 8 Conclusion and Future Research
• 8.1 Conclusion
• 8.2 Limitation and future research
• References
• Appendix 1
• Appendix 2
• Appendix 3
• Papers published/to be published by the author
• Acknowledgement
• 详细摘要