最佳关联—概念隐喻理解的最终目标

论文摘要

隐喻已不单单属于传统意义上的诗学和文学研究范畴,而是涉及到哲学,语言学,心理学等诸多领域,这也使得隐喻研究更加复杂化。当代美国认知语言学家莱考夫和约翰逊提出概念隐喻观点,掀起隐喻研究又一高潮。关联理论作为语用学基础理论之一,揭示语言交际规律,通过推理获得语言知识。在交际中,听话者收到说话者发出的信息,听话者要对所接收的信息进行推导,最终理解说话者的易欲表达。概念隐喻是一种含蓄交际,具有弱含义,使得概念隐喻理解成为难点。本文认为将隐喻与关联理论结合起来是一条正确理解概念隐喻的有效途径。对隐喻性话语,听话者遵循明示交际与最佳关联原则,构建语境,达到认知效果和进行努力的平衡。听话者的个体差异同时影响最佳关联的理解程度。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• Chapter 2 Related Metaphor Studies
• 2.1 Aristotelian Metaphor
• 2.2 Black's Interaction Theory
• 2.3 Lakoff's Cognitive Metaphor
• Chapter 3 Conceptual Metaphor
• 3.1 Lakoff's Cognitive-Semantic Approach to Metaphor
• 3.1.1 The Notion of Mapping
• 3.1.2 Properties of Metaphor
• 3.2 The Conceptual View
• 3.2.1 The Conceptual Metaphor
• 3.2.2 The Omnipresence of Conceptual Metaphor
• 3.3 Problems of Conceptual Metaphor
• Chapter 4 Relevance Theory and Optimal Relevance
• 4.1 Assumptions of Relevance Theory
• 4.2 Application of Relevance Theory
• 4.3 Extensions of Relevance
• 4.3.1 S&W's Ostensive Communication
• 4.3.2 Three Definitions of Relevance of S&W
• 4.4 Optimal Relevance
• Chapter 5 Metaphor Interpretation
• 5.1 Communication Implicature
• 5.2 Communicating Attitude
• 5.3 Metaphor as a Weak Implicature
• 5.3.1 Metaphor as an Implicit Communication
• 5.3.2 Metaphor as a Weak Implicature
• 5.4 Optimal Relevance-Balance of Effort and Effect
• 5.5 Active Understanding
• 5.6 Assessing Understanding
• 5.7 Contextual Assumptions
• 5.7.1 Textual Function
• 5.7.2 Selection of Contextual Assumptions
• 5.8 Processes of Conceptual Metaphor Understanding
• 5.8.1 Recognition of Metaphor
• 5.8.2 Construction of Contextual Assumptions
• 5.8.3 Seeking Optimal Relevance
• 5.8.4 Understanding the Intended Interpretation
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• Works Cited
• 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文和取得的科研成果