
论文摘要
淡水真菌指在生活周期中全部或部分依赖于水的真菌,它分布广泛、种类多样,种类涉及:半知菌、子囊菌、担子菌、接合菌等。到目前为止,淡水真菌已报道3000多种。就中国来说,淡水真菌的研究还只是起步阶段,我们对淡水真菌的许多方面了解很少,大量的资源亟待我们研究和发现。研究淡水真菌资源有重要意义。本文对浙江省的部分地区淡水真菌种类进行了调查研究。2006年11月-2007年12月期间在浙江省杭州市天目山、九溪、浙江丽水、浙江松阳,对在水中长期浸没的腐木进行采集,共检查采集标本约300余份,采用直接检查法和湿室诱培法进行检查,得到了淡水真菌18属,26种,其中子囊菌3种,半知菌23种。其中有4个新种,中国新记录种5个,中国已报道种17个,包括浙江省新记录种16个。中国新记录种:Sporoschisma nigroseptatum, Brachydesmiella biseptata, Dictyosporium digitatum, Xylomyces giganteus, Nakataea curvularioides.中国已报道种:Sporoschisma saccardoi, Sporoschisma uniseptatum, Acrogenospora sphaerocephala, Savoryella lignicola, Caryospora minima, Phaeoisaria clematidis, Dictyosporium heptasporum, Dictyosporium elegans, Dictyosporium zeylanicum, Pestalotiopsis clavispora, Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var. hyalosperma, Ellisembia adscendens, Cheriosporium triseriale, Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Helicomyces lilliputeus, Helicomyces torquatus, Exserticlava vasiformis.新种: Sporoschisma zhejiangnensis, Dictyosporium zhejiangensis, Vanakripa breviscatena, Seiridium tainmunensis.
论文目录
中文摘要英文摘要1 引言1.1 淡水真菌的定义1.2 淡水真菌的生活环境1.2.1 静态水1.2.2 动态水1.2.3 其它环境1.3 淡水真菌的形态特征1.4 淡水真菌的生物多样性1.4.1 淡水子囊菌1.4.2 淡水半知菌1.5 淡水真菌的作用1.6 淡水真菌与陆生真菌的关系1.7 污染对淡水真菌的影响1.8 我国淡水真菌研究的现状1.9 本研究的意义2 材料与方法2.1 材料2.1.1 材料采集方法2.2 淡水真菌的检查方法2.2.1 直接检查法2.2.2 湿室诱培法2.3 淡水真菌的分离方法2.3.1 直接挑取法2.3.2 稀释分离法2.3.3 单孢分离2.4 淡水真菌的保藏2.5 淡水真菌的制片方法2.6 淡水真菌的观察2.7 培养基2.8 试剂2.9 实验器材3 结果与分析3.1 Savoryella E.B.G.Jones & R.A.Eaton3.1.1 Savoryella lignicola E.B.G.Jones & R.A.Eaton, Trans.Br. Mycol. Soc. 52: 161(1969)图13.2 Caryospora De Not.3.2.1 Caryospora minima Jeffers, Mycologia 32: 561. 1940 图23.3 Aniptodera Shearer & M.A.Mill3.3.1 Aniptodera chesapeakensis Shearer & M.A.Mill., Mycologia 69: 894. 1977. 图33.4 Sporoschisma Berk & Broome3.4.1 Sporoschisma saccardoi E.W.Mason & S.Hughes, Mycological Papers 31, 20(1949). 图43.4.2 Sporoschisma nigroseptatum D.Rao & R.Rao Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata 24, 82 (1964). 图53.4.3 Sporoschisma uniseptatum Bhat & W.B.Kendr., Mycotaxon 49,71 (1993). 图63.4.4 Sporoschisma zhejiangnensis sp. nov. 图73.5 Acrogenospora M.B.Ellis3.5.1 Acrogenospora sphaerocephala (Berk & Broome) M.B.Ellis, Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. C.M.I.Kew, England, 114(1971) 图83.6 Xylomyces Goose, R.D.Brooks & Lamore3.6.1 Xylomyces giganteus Goh, W.H.Ho, K.D.Hyde & K.M.T Sui, Mycological Research, 101, 1323 (1997). 图93.7 Phaeoisaria H(?)hn.3.7.1 Phaeoisaria clematidis (Fuckel) Hughes, 1958, Can. J. Bot., 36: 795. 图103.8 Dictyosporium Corda3.8.1 Dictyosporium heptasporum (Garov.) Damon, Lloydia 1 5: 118(1952), 图113.8.2 Dictyosporium elegans Corda.Weitenweber′s Beitrage zur gesammten Natur-und Heilwissenschaften; 87, 1836. 图123.8.3 Dictyosporium zhejiangensis sp. nov. 图133.8.4 Dictyosporium digitatum J.L.Chen, C.H.Hwang and S.S. Tzean, Mycological Research 95: 1146(1991). 图143.8.5 Dictyosporium zeylanicum Petch, Annals of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya 6:252 (1917). 图153.9 Pestalotiopsis3.9.1 Pestalotiopsis clavispora (Atk.) Stey., Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat Bruxelles 19:335, 1949. 图163.10 Sporidesmiella P.M.Kirk3.10.1 Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var. hyalosperma. R.F.C.Ruiz, B.Kendrick, Mycological Research 102:548, 1998. 图173.11 Ellisembia Subram.3.11.1 Ellisembia adscendens Berk., 1840, Ann. Nat. Hist., 4: 291. 图183.12 Vanakripa Bhat, Kendrick & Nag Raj3.12.1 Vanakripa breviscatena sp. nov. 图193.13 Nakataea Hara, 1939, Diseases of the rice plant, Ed, 2:185.3.13.1 Nakataea curvularioides M.B.Ellis, Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. C.M.I.Kew, England, 219(1971) 图20 3.14 Cheirosporium L. Cai3.14.1 Cheirosporium triseriale L. Cai, Fungal diversity from freshwater and riparian habitats and phylogenetics of the sordariales, 36, 2006. 图213.15 Helicomyces Link3.15.1 Helicomyces lilliputeus R.T.Moore, Mycologia 49: 583, 1957. 图223.15.2 Helicomyces torquatus L.C.Lane & Shearer, Mycotaxon 19:291,1984. 图233.16 Exserticlava S.Hughes3.16.1 Exserticlava vasiformis (Matsushima) Hughes, New Zealand J. Bot., 16:332, 1978. 图243.17 Seiridium Nees3.17.1 Seiridium tainmunensis sp. nov. 图253.18 Brachydesmiella Arnaud ex Hughes, 1961, Can. J. Bot., 39: 1095.3.18.1 Brachydesmiella biseptata G.Arnaud ex S.Hughes, Can. J. Bot. 39:1095. 1961. 图264 结论4.1 结果和总结4.2 淡水真菌半知菌中属、种间分类标准5 讨论5.1 影响菌种鉴定的因素5.2 菌种鉴定存在的问题参考文献致谢攻读学位期间发表论文情况
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