口译中的跨文化语用失误及可能的解决方法

论文摘要

在口译过程中,口译者跨文化意识的缺失导致的语用失误不仅不易被译者觉察而且可能造成误会甚至迫使交流中断。在本文中,作者通过大量的举例分析了英文与中文的文化差异,及在口译过程中由于这种差异导致的语用失误。文章试图从文化差异的角度探询口译过程中语用失误产生的原因,同时证实口译者的语言能力并不等同与他的语用能力。对译出语与译入语之间文化背景差异的敏感可以帮助译者掌握相应的语用尺度从而在口译过程中摆脱文化因素造成的干扰。此外本文介绍了当前口译员培训的现状,及如何通过提高口译员的跨文化意识,和借鉴笔译中的技巧消除口译过程中的语用失误。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 论文摘要
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• Chapter 2 General Review of the History of interpretation
• 2.1 Definition of Interpretation
• 2.2 Forms of interpretation
• 2.3 Origin and Development of Interpretation
• Chapter 3 Major Cultural Differences between English and Chinese and the Reflections in the Process of Interpretation
• 3.1 Culture
• 3.1.1 Definition of Culture
• 3.1.2 Subjective and Objective Culture
• 3.1.3 Cultural Knowledge, Cultural Sensitivity and Cultural Awareness
• 3.2 Language and Culture
• 3.3 Causes of Cultural Differences
• 3.4 Major Types of Cultural Differences between English and Chinese
• 3.5 Illustrations of Cultural Differences in the Process of Interpretation
• 3.5.1 Ecology
• 3.5.2 Material Culture and Technology
• 3.5.3 Social Categories
• 3.5.4. Mythic Patterns
• 3.5.5. Linguistic Structure
• 3.5.6. Legal-Political Categories
• 3.5.7. World View or Logic System
• 3.6 Interpretation as a Cross-Cultural Activity between Languages
• 3.7 Significance of Interpreter’s Cultural Awareness
• Chapter 4 Illustrations of Intercultural Pragmatic Failures in the Process of Interpretation
• 4.1 Pragmatic Failures
• 4.2 Pragmatic Competence and Pragmatic Failures
• 4.3 Illustrations of Intercultural Pragmatic Failures in the Process of Interpretati
• 4.3.1 Pragmatic Failures Caused by Different Cultural Deposition
• 4.3.2 Pragmatic Failures Due to Different world Perceptions
• 4.3.3 Pragmatic Failures Derived from Mentality Difference
• 4.3.3.1 Modesty and straightforwardness
• 4.3.3.2 Different Thought Patterns
• 4.3.3.3 Different Value Systems
• Chapter 5 Tentative Solutions to Intercultural Pragmatic Failures in Interpretati
• 5.1 Improving Interpreter’s Intercultural Communication Competence
• 5.1.1 The Existing Situation of Interpreter’s Training
• 5.1.2 Improving Interpreter’s Intercultural Pragmatic Competence in Language Traini
• 5.1.2.1 Teaching Culture as Part of Language Teaching in Interpreter’s Training
• 5.1.2.2 Developing Interpreter’s Sensitivity to Cultural Differences
• 5.2 Translation Techniques Borrowed to Solve the Intercultural Pragmatic problem
• 5.2.1 Comparison between Translation and Interpretation
• 5.2.2 Translation Techniques borrowed
• 5.2.2.1 Literal Translation
• 5.2.2.2 Substitution and Omission
• 5.2.2.3 Addition
• 5.2.2.4 Free Translation
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• Bibliography