论文摘要
让·博丹(Jean Bodin,1529/30-1596)是十六世纪欧洲最具影响力的政治思想家之一,他精通数种语言,浸润几多领域,是位百科全书式的思想家。博丹一生著作颇丰,其中最重要的著作《共同体六篇》(Les six livres de la république)代表了法国文艺复兴时期的法律和政治思想的总和,而他的《领悟历史的简易方法》(Medthodus ad facilem historiarum cognitionem)则可视为人文主义历史编纂学的巅峰之作。博丹的思想面广且深,本论文分五个部分仅就其政治、法律思想作一初步研究。第一部分主要描述博丹的生平、著述及其思想发展的轨迹,并重点结合博丹所处的复杂时代反映出其思想的历史背景。第二部分从博丹宗教思想入手,探索其政治、法律思想的宗教背景。第三部分对博丹的国家主权理论进行阐述,包括主权概念的历史源起、博丹主权理论建构体系和以此为基础的国家理论的影响等。第四部分考察博丹的法律思想,对其自然法理论、正义论和宪政思想作出梳理。第五部分,运用比较的视域,对博丹政治、法律思想作出初步的比较研究。本论文力图以历史语境主义为历史分析的视角,揭示博丹性格和思想中的复杂性,并重点剖析其现实主义和理想主义的人文主义矛盾。面对战乱不断的法国社会,博丹站在现实的人性和现实的国家政治运作立场上,以绝对主义国家权力观念开辟出一条新的现实政治路线。而另一方面博丹又以限制绝对主权、提倡宗教和谐的表述,表现出新柏拉图主义的极美追求和宗教宽容的布道精神。而这也构成博丹思想的两点迷人和神秘之处:首先,他的生活充满传奇;其次,对他的思想和政治立场,后人的解读存在很大的差异。所以尽管博丹的著作在某种程度上是冗长无趣、晦涩难懂的,但这却无碍他作为思想家在历史长河中产生的显耀影响。
论文目录
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