A Study on Huang Gaoxin as a Poetry Translator

论文摘要

黄杲炘先生是当代著名翻译家,他的翻译涉及到小说、寓言和诗歌,但其突出成就是诗歌翻译。因此,本文把对黄先生的研究重点放在他的诗歌翻译方面。作为文学翻译的重要分支,诗歌,尤其是格律诗的翻译一直争议颇多。通过对黄杲炘先生诗歌翻译背景、思想、策略和实践的研究,论证了格律诗翻译的可行性,认为黄先生在“以顿代步”基础上提出的“兼顾顿数、字数和韵式”的“三兼顾”翻译主张是一种行之有效的翻译策略,有助于诗歌翻译质量和数量的提高。文章共由六章组成:第一章是引言,主要介绍了本文研究背景、问题、方法、意义及理论框架。黄先生作为一位非诗人译者,通过自己不懈的努力,在格律诗翻译方面做出了突出成就,但他的翻译思想和方法也引起了褒贬不一的评价。文章以归化和异化理论为指导,拟对其译诗思想和实践进行探讨。第二章首先介绍了黄先生的生平、译诗成就。在此基础上分析了黄先生的翻译观:诗的翻译是有条件的,不是所有英诗都能译成汉语的;非诗人也能译好诗;诗人未必都能译好诗。第三章主要探讨了黄先生的翻译策略。包括“三兼顾”的形成过程及其发展方向、格律诗的量化、诗歌翻译的修改与批评等。第四章是个案分析。以归化和异化理论为依据,结合《柔巴依集》的英语原文与译文,对黄先生的翻译思想、翻译策略进行了研究。认为黄先生的翻译强调异化,但又兼顾归化,其译诗在形式、语言及意义等方面都较好地反映了原作。第五章对黄先生的翻译思想及翻译实践进行了反思。认为黄先生的翻译思想和实践对后人有着很好的启示和指导作用,但也存在一些不足,需要进一步改进。第六章是总结。通过前面的介绍和分析,认为黄先生在译诗思想、译诗策略和译诗实践等方面均做出了卓越成就。这些成就无疑是英诗汉译的里程碑,同时也代表了格律诗翻译的发展方向。但由于诗歌的形式与功能、译者的爱好与意图、读者的层次与目的等方面存在着诸多差异,因此,至少在目前,诗歌翻译还不应局限于“三兼顾”一种译法,而应是多种译法并存。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Research Background
• 1.2 Research Questions
• 1.3 Research Methodology
• 1.4 Research Significance
• 1.5 Theoretical Framework
• 1.5.1 Domestication
• 1.5.2 Foreignization
• 1.5.3 Relationship between Domestication and Foreignization
• Chapter Two Huang Gaoxin's Views on Feasibility and Subject of Poetry Translation
• 2.1 Huang Gaoxin's Life and Translation Achievements
• 2.2 Feasibility of Poetry Translation
• 2.2.1 Untranslatability
• 2.2.2 Translatability
• 2.2.3 Poetry Translation: A Conditional Activity
• 2.3 Subject of Poetry Translation
• 2.3.1 Poetry Translation Only by Poets: A Misunderstanding
• 2.3.2 Non-poet Translators' Poetry Translation: Not Necessarily Unsuccessful
• 2.3.3 Poet Translators' Poetry Translation: Not Necessarily Successful
• Chapter Three Huang Gaoxin's Strategies on Poetry Translation
• 3.1 Development of Three Considerations and Their Application
• 3.1.1 Appearance of Substituting Pause for Foot
• 3.1.2 Huang Gaoxin's Three Considerations
• 3.1.3 Application of Huang's Three Considerations
• 3.2 Three Considerations: Orientation of Metric Poetry Translation
• 3.2.1 Nationalization: Natural Beginning of Chinese Translation of English Poetry
• 3.2.2 Liberalization: Inevitable Course in Poetry Translation
• 3.2.3 Three Considerations: One of the Best Choices in Poetry Translation
• 3.3 Quantification of Chinese Translation of English Poetry
• 3.3.1 Quantification Expression of English Poetry
• 3.3.2 Quantification Criteria in Translation
• 3.3.3 Application of the Quantification Criteria
• 3.4 Revision and Criticism of Poetry Translation
• 3.4.1 Revision of the Translated Poetry
• 3.4.2 Criticism of Poetry Translation
• Chapter Four A Case Study of Huang Gaoxin's Translated Works: The Rubáiyát
• 4.1 Introduction to The Rubáiyát and Its English Translation
• 4.2 Translation of FitzGerald's The Rubáiyát
• 4.3 Features of Huang Gaoxin's Translation of The Rubáiyát
• 4.3.1 Transplant of Forms
• 4.3.2 Transplant of Culture-loaded Words
• 4.3.3 Adjustment of Sentence Structures
• 4.3.4 Application of Modern Chinese
• Chapter Five Reflections on Huang Gaoxin's Poetry Translation
• 5.1 Enlightenment of Huang's Views and Practices on Poetry Translation
• 5.1.1 Generalization Based on Practice 53.
• 5.1.2 Poetry Translation Art Closely Related to One's Talent
• 5.1.3 Poetry Translation Standard Advancing with Time
• 5.1.4 Poetry Translation Requiring Translator's Thorough Devotion
• 5.2 Limitations of Huang's Three Considerations
• 5.2.1 Redundant Pronouns
• 5.2.2 Other Redundant Words
• 5.2.3 Improper Rendering of Poetry Meaning Due to Rhyme Improvisation
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• Works Cited