英汉拒绝对比研究小结

论文摘要

本文回顾了英汉拒绝对比研究的情况，从早期Beebe et al和Liao＆Bresnahan的研究，到中国学者王爱华和姚俊的拒绝策略对比研究，再到近期一些具有创新意义的文章，并从中挑选了五篇有代表性的文章，进行详细和深入的分析讨论，讨论的范围包括这些文章的泛化和细化倾向、对前人研究的继承与创新，以及所采用的研究方法，如语篇补全测试和观察法等，同时也指出了其中的一些不足，如统计分析使用不当、对语境和细化研究的关注不够等等。此外，本文还对拒绝研究的理论框架进行了总结，其中包括由Austin创立、由Searle发展的言语行为理论、社会契约观、会话准则观中Grice的合作原则、Lackoff的礼貌准则、Leech的礼貌原则和顾日国对礼貌原则的修正、面子挽救观中Brown和Levinson的面子理论和Mao的相对面子指向构想，同时也对拒绝语言行为进行了进一步的分析，指出拒绝对说话人和听话人的面子都会造成损害，并且对拒绝言语行为进行了分类。总之，本文对英汉拒绝对比研究的理论框架、拒绝言语行为和现有研究的总结，对今后将要进行拒绝研究的学者具有一定的参考价值。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 摘要
• Contents
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework
• 2.1 Speech Act Theory
• 2.1.1 Austin’s contribution to Speech Act Theory
• 2.1.2 Searle’s development of Speech Act Theory
• 2.2 Studies on politeness
• 2.2.1 The social-norm view
• 2.2.2 The conversational-maxim view
• 2.2.2.1 Grice’s Cooperative Principle（CP）
• 2.2.2.2 Lakoff’s maxims of politeness
• 2.2.2.3 Leech’s Politeness Principle（PP）
• 2.2.2.4 Gu’s modification of PP
• 2.2.3 The face-saving view
• 2.2.3.1 Brown and Levinson’s face theory
• 2.2.3.1.1 Definition of"face"
• 2.2.3.1.2 Face threatening acts（FTA）
• 2.2.3.1.3 Strategies for doing FTA
• 2.2.3.1.4 Factors influencing the choice of strategies
• 2.2.3.2 Mao’s construct about"face"
• 2.2.4 The conversational-contract view
• Chapter 3 The speech act of refusal
• 3.1 Four categories of refusals
• 3.2 Face threats embodied in refusal
• 3.2.1 Threats to the speaker’s positive face
• 3.2.2 Threats to the speaker’s negative face
• 3.2.3 Threats to the hearer’s positive face
• 3.2.4 Threats to the hearer’s negative face
• Chapter 4 Early contrastive studies on refusals
• 4.1 Contrastive studies of English-Japanese refusal strategies by Beebe & Takahashi and Kumagai
• 4.2 Contrastive studies of English-Chinese refusal strategies by Liao & Bresnahan
• Chapter 5 Contemporary contrastive studies on refusals
• 5.1 Contrastive study of English-Chinese refusal strategies by Wang Aihua
• 5.2 Contrastive study of English-Chinese refusals by Wang Aihua and Wu Guiliang
• 5.3 Contrastive study of English-Chinese refusal strategies by Yao Jun
• 5.4 Study of Chinese refusals by Xie,Chen and Hu
• 5.5 Study of Chinese refusals by Zhu Yue and Li Jiayu
• Chapter 6 Criticism on contemporary contrastive studies
• 6.1 General features
• 6.1.1 Generalization versus particularization
• 6.1.2 Inheritance versus creation
• 6.1.3 Discourse completion test versus observation
• 6.2 Limitations and suggestions
• 6.2.1 Inappropriateness of the statistical method
• 6.2.2 Limitation in the application of the theoretical framework
• 6.2.3 Isolation from the context
• 6.2.4 Dissatisfying definition of the influencing factors of FTA
• 6.2.5 Insufficiency of particularized studies
• Chapter 7 Conclusion
• Bibliography