用概念隐喻理论分析莎翁作品中的时间隐喻

用概念隐喻理论分析莎翁作品中的时间隐喻

论文摘要

隐喻是人类最基本的语言现象。隐喻成为语言与思想研究领域的一个主要课题,因为隐喻不仅是一种修辞方法,而且反应了人类的思维和认知。莱可夫的概念隐喻理论(1980)提出隐喻在日常语言中存在的普遍性,指出隐喻是不同认知域之间的映射,特别是将一个比较熟悉易于理解的源域的框架投射到一个不熟悉较难理解的目标域上。莱可夫区分了概念比喻和比喻表达两个术语,前者指概念映射,后者指概念比喻的不同语言表达形式。时间作为一种高度抽象而难以描述的概念,通常需要借助其他概念来认知和描述,因此时间成为隐喻的一个主要喻源域。大多数文学领域外关于隐喻的讨论都体现在于日常生活中相对简单的语言。本文旨在莎翁文学作品以莱可夫的概念隐喻理论之间实现一次融合。用莱可夫的概念隐喻理论分析莎翁作品中出现的时间隐喻,在以理论阐释莎士比亚语言的使用,以莎翁作品中的例子映证理论。本文主体部分使用莱可夫的概念隐喻理论探讨了文学作品中关于时间的八个核心概念的隐喻,同时对从属于此八个概念隐喻的不同比喻表达作了较为详尽的分析。分析发现莎翁作品中关于时间的概念隐喻主要有以下几种:将时间比为空间诸如地点或风景,时间拟人化为破坏者、事实真相的揭露者、养育者、朋友或敌人,以及时间物化为带刀刃的物体、流水以及成熟的实物如果实等。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgement
  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 metaphor and thought
  • 1.2 Characteristics of Shakespearean metaphors
  • 1.3 Orientation of the study
  • 1.4 Structure of the thesis
  • Chapter Two General Review on the Previous Theoretical Studies of Metaphor
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 The definition of metaphor
  • 2.3 Theories of metaphor
  • 2.3.1 Comparison theory and substitution theory
  • 2.3.2 Interaction theory
  • 2.3.3 Conceptual metaphor theory
  • 2.3.3.1 Conceptual metaphor
  • 2.3.3.2 Philosophical basis --- Experientialism
  • 2.3.3.3 Classification of conceptual metaphor
  • 2.3.3.3.1 Orientational metaphor
  • 2.3.3.3.2 Ontological metaphor
  • 2.3.3.3.3 Structural metaphor
  • 2.4 Summary
  • Chapter Three Time Metaphors
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Classification of time metaphor
  • 3.2.1 Space as the source domain
  • 3.2.2 Substances /entities as the source domain
  • 3.2.3 A highly-structured concept as a source domain
  • 3.3 Summary
  • Chapter Four Time Metaphors in Shakespeare’s Works
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Basic conceptual metaphor in poetic and literary writing
  • 4.3 Analysis on time metaphors in Shakespeare’s works
  • 4.3.1 TIME as space
  • 4.3.2 TIME as a person
  • 4.3.2.1 As a destroyer
  • 4.3.2.2 As a breeder of new thing
  • 4.3.2.3 As a disentangler of truth
  • 4.3.2.4 As a friend or old man
  • 4.3.3 TIME as a non-human entity
  • 4.3.3.1 As an entity that cuts away things
  • 4.3.3.2 As an entity similar to flowing water
  • 4.3.3.3 As an entity that ripens
  • 4.4 Summary
  • Chapter Five Conclusion
  • 5.1 Restatement of the major analysis
  • 5.2 Limitation of the study
  • References
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