本文主要研究内容
作者王牧笛（2019）在《基于秀丽隐杆线虫的柴油机尾气颗粒物生殖毒性及多世代传递效应研究》一文中研究指出：柴油机尾气颗粒物(Diesel particulate matter,DPM)是大气环境污染的重要组成成分,由于柴油机本身的高能效、高热能利用率、低价格成本,所以生产生活中的使用十分广泛。DPM是细颗粒物质(Fine Particulate Matter,PM2.5)中的主要污染成分,并已被证实会对人类产生严重的危害,如导致肺癌、过敏性和慢性支气管炎等疾病。虽然已有关于DPM处理小鼠后精子质量的报道,但由于实验动物的局限性,目前对于DPM跨代和多世代毒性效应的关注还非常缺乏。基于模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫的优势,世代时间短、后代数目多,本研究选取秀丽隐杆线虫为研究对象,分析DPM对亲代(FO)的发育和生殖毒性,并探索DPM颗粒物不同的暴露方式对秀丽隐杆线虫跨代或多世代的影响。本论文的主要研究结果如下:1.物理化学特征:通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)发现柴油机颗粒表面呈现疏松多孔的形貌,易吸附重金属。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能量散射X射线光谱(EDX)和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)等物化分析表征技术,发现DPM表面含有多种重金属成分。利用动态光散射仪(DLS)发现DPM水溶液分散性较好,长时间不容易团聚。2.DPM暴露诱导线虫的发育和生殖毒性:将野生型线虫N2暴露于不同浓度的DPM溶液,以线虫的体长、寿命、生殖腺细胞凋亡和产卵数等为检测终点,研究不同浓度的DPM诱发的线虫损伤。结果显示,随着DPM浓度的增加,线虫体长、寿命、产卵数和卵母细胞数减少,生殖腺细胞凋亡数上升。相同剂量下,线虫的生殖毒性比发育毒性敏感。3.利用不同基因缺陷型线虫,发现:(1)在DPM暴露线虫DNA核心凋亡通路缺陷型品系后,ced-9(n1950)突变品系凋亡水平比N2显著上升,ced-3(n717)和ced-4(n1162)功能缺失品系中生殖腺无凋亡发生;(2)DPM暴露线虫DNA损伤应答基因缺陷型品系后,egl-1(n487),hus-1(op241)和cep-1(w40)生殖腺细胞凋亡数相较于对照组无明显变化,这些基因参与DPM诱导线虫生殖腺细胞凋亡的调控;(3)在DPM暴露MAPK激酶核心家族ERK、JNK和p38信号通路缺陷型品系后,发现生殖腺凋亡暴露组都下降到对照组水平,说明ERK、JNK和p38信号转导通路在诱导的线虫生殖细胞凋亡中起到重要作用。4.DPM暴露线虫的多代生殖毒性及其机制研究:(1)亲代(F0)暴露DPM,F2代产卵数显著下降,在F3～F5代又恢复到正常水平。可能由于F0代暴露DPM后导致生殖腺损伤,产生受损的F1代生殖细胞,受损生殖细胞形成F2代的异常个体,但F2代生殖细胞正常,所以F3～F5代的生殖水平恢复到对照组。(2)在F0～F5代连续暴露DPM情况下,F1～F5代生殖腺细胞凋亡数较对照组显著上升,但每代之间无显著差别;产卵数每一代都显著下降。综上所述,柴油机尾气颗粒物本身含有多种重金属元素、多环芳烃和硝基多环芳烃,成分复杂,在超纯水中的分散性较好,能充分混合悬浮于暴露液中。DPM诱导的线虫生殖细胞凋亡依赖DNA损伤途径、凋亡核心通路和MAPK信号转导通路,该结果为DPM诱导的生殖毒性提供了新的数据参考。更进一步的,DPM可通过损伤F1代生殖细胞进而影响F2代个体数目和质量,该结果对大气细颗粒物的多世代毒性研究提供了新的证据。
Abstract
chai you ji wei qi ke li wu (Diesel particulate matter,DPM)shi da qi huan jing wu ran de chong yao zu cheng cheng fen ,you yu chai you ji ben shen de gao neng xiao 、gao re neng li yong lv 、di jia ge cheng ben ,suo yi sheng chan sheng huo zhong de shi yong shi fen an fan 。DPMshi xi ke li wu zhi (Fine Particulate Matter,PM2.5)zhong de zhu yao wu ran cheng fen ,bing yi bei zheng shi hui dui ren lei chan sheng yan chong de wei hai ,ru dao zhi fei ai 、guo min xing he man xing zhi qi guan yan deng ji bing 。sui ran yi you guan yu DPMchu li xiao shu hou jing zi zhi liang de bao dao ,dan you yu shi yan dong wu de ju xian xing ,mu qian dui yu DPMkua dai he duo shi dai du xing xiao ying de guan zhu hai fei chang que fa 。ji yu mo shi sheng wu xiu li yin gan xian chong de you shi ,shi dai shi jian duan 、hou dai shu mu duo ,ben yan jiu shua qu xiu li yin gan xian chong wei yan jiu dui xiang ,fen xi DPMdui qin dai (FO)de fa yo he sheng shi du xing ,bing tan suo DPMke li wu bu tong de bao lou fang shi dui xiu li yin gan xian chong kua dai huo duo shi dai de ying xiang 。ben lun wen de zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.wu li hua xue te zheng :tong guo chang fa she sao miao dian zi xian wei jing (SEM)fa xian chai you ji ke li biao mian cheng xian shu song duo kong de xing mao ,yi xi fu chong jin shu 。li yong tou she dian zi xian wei jing (TEM)、neng liang san she Xshe xian guang pu (EDX)he dian gan ou ge deng li zi ti zhi pu (ICP-MS)deng wu hua fen xi biao zheng ji shu ,fa xian DPMbiao mian han you duo chong chong jin shu cheng fen 。li yong dong tai guang san she yi (DLS)fa xian DPMshui rong ye fen san xing jiao hao ,chang shi jian bu rong yi tuan ju 。2.DPMbao lou you dao xian chong de fa yo he sheng shi du xing :jiang ye sheng xing xian chong N2bao lou yu bu tong nong du de DPMrong ye ,yi xian chong de ti chang 、shou ming 、sheng shi xian xi bao diao wang he chan luan shu deng wei jian ce zhong dian ,yan jiu bu tong nong du de DPMyou fa de xian chong sun shang 。jie guo xian shi ,sui zhao DPMnong du de zeng jia ,xian chong ti chang 、shou ming 、chan luan shu he luan mu xi bao shu jian shao ,sheng shi xian xi bao diao wang shu shang sheng 。xiang tong ji liang xia ,xian chong de sheng shi du xing bi fa yo du xing min gan 。3.li yong bu tong ji yin que xian xing xian chong ,fa xian :(1)zai DPMbao lou xian chong DNAhe xin diao wang tong lu que xian xing pin ji hou ,ced-9(n1950)tu bian pin ji diao wang shui ping bi N2xian zhe shang sheng ,ced-3(n717)he ced-4(n1162)gong neng que shi pin ji zhong sheng shi xian mo diao wang fa sheng ;(2)DPMbao lou xian chong DNAsun shang ying da ji yin que xian xing pin ji hou ,egl-1(n487),hus-1(op241)he cep-1(w40)sheng shi xian xi bao diao wang shu xiang jiao yu dui zhao zu mo ming xian bian hua ,zhe xie ji yin can yu DPMyou dao xian chong sheng shi xian xi bao diao wang de diao kong ;(3)zai DPMbao lou MAPKji mei he xin jia zu ERK、JNKhe p38xin hao tong lu que xian xing pin ji hou ,fa xian sheng shi xian diao wang bao lou zu dou xia jiang dao dui zhao zu shui ping ,shui ming ERK、JNKhe p38xin hao zhuai dao tong lu zai you dao de xian chong sheng shi xi bao diao wang zhong qi dao chong yao zuo yong 。4.DPMbao lou xian chong de duo dai sheng shi du xing ji ji ji zhi yan jiu :(1)qin dai (F0)bao lou DPM,F2dai chan luan shu xian zhe xia jiang ,zai F3～F5dai you hui fu dao zheng chang shui ping 。ke neng you yu F0dai bao lou DPMhou dao zhi sheng shi xian sun shang ,chan sheng shou sun de F1dai sheng shi xi bao ,shou sun sheng shi xi bao xing cheng F2dai de yi chang ge ti ,dan F2dai sheng shi xi bao zheng chang ,suo yi F3～F5dai de sheng shi shui ping hui fu dao dui zhao zu 。(2)zai F0～F5dai lian xu bao lou DPMqing kuang xia ,F1～F5dai sheng shi xian xi bao diao wang shu jiao dui zhao zu xian zhe shang sheng ,dan mei dai zhi jian mo xian zhe cha bie ;chan luan shu mei yi dai dou xian zhe xia jiang 。zeng shang suo shu ,chai you ji wei qi ke li wu ben shen han you duo chong chong jin shu yuan su 、duo huan fang ting he xiao ji duo huan fang ting ,cheng fen fu za ,zai chao chun shui zhong de fen san xing jiao hao ,neng chong fen hun ge xuan fu yu bao lou ye zhong 。DPMyou dao de xian chong sheng shi xi bao diao wang yi lai DNAsun shang tu jing 、diao wang he xin tong lu he MAPKxin hao zhuai dao tong lu ,gai jie guo wei DPMyou dao de sheng shi du xing di gong le xin de shu ju can kao 。geng jin yi bu de ,DPMke tong guo sun shang F1dai sheng shi xi bao jin er ying xiang F2dai ge ti shu mu he zhi liang ,gai jie guo dui da qi xi ke li wu de duo shi dai du xing yan jiu di gong le xin de zheng ju 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中国科学技术大学的王牧笛，发表于刊物中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文，是一篇关于大气细颗粒物论文,柴油机尾气颗粒物论文,秀丽隐杆线虫论文,生殖腺细胞凋亡论文,生殖毒性论文,跨代遗传效应论文,中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：大气细颗粒物论文; 柴油机尾气颗粒物论文; 秀丽隐杆线虫论文; 生殖腺细胞凋亡论文; 生殖毒性论文; 跨代遗传效应论文; 中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文;