泛读中单词注释对学习者词汇随机习得的影响

论文摘要

在关于学习者通过阅读随机习得词汇的研究中,许多是以阅读者具有通过上下文猜词的能力为前提的。然而,在实际日常泛读中,这种猜词策略通常受到诸多因素的限制,成功率很低,对学习词汇所起的作用非常有限。笔者认为,相比之下,为阅读材料中的生词添加注释的办法可能产生更好的词汇随机习得效果。基于此假设,笔者决定进行实证研究,目的是:1)比较两种方法,即泛读中参考生词注释和通过上下文猜词,对学习者随机习得词汇效果的影响。2)了解阅读和词汇习得关系中不同因素的相互作用。3)探索本研究对英语泛读和词汇教学的指导意义。整个实证研究为时6周,由问卷调查、泛读练习、测试、实验数据分析组成。实验中两个非英语专业平行班分别作为实验组和控制组,前者的阅读材料中17个受测单词已添加注释,后者的阅读材料中这些单词无注释,读者只能通过上下文猜测其含义。数据分析结果表明:1)大多数受试者对生词注释在泛读中的作用持肯定态度,认为它们比通过上下文猜词更有助于学到词汇。2)试验组的单词测试总成绩和单个单词平均成绩均明显忧于控制组,而且词义准确度更高。3)阅读中生词的出现频率和学习者学习生词后的时间流逝长度与随机词汇习得的效果有一定关联,但关联并不显著。试验组的词汇习得受两因素的影响更为明显。生词注释的积极作用说明,泛读课程的设计中应积极考虑采用恰当形式的单词注释,并鼓励学生使用词典,以利于学生习得词汇和理解文章;同时教师在阅读课上应采取多种措施以增加生词被学生随机习得的可能性。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 中文摘要
• Introduction
• 1. Incidental L2 Vocabulary Acquisition Through Extensive Reading
• 2. Origin of the Present Study
• 3. Objective of the Study
• 4. Organization of the Paper
• Chapter 1 Review of the Literature
• 1.1 Theories Concerning Input in SLA
• 1.1.1 Role of Input in SLA and SLVA
• 1.1.2 Reading as Input
• 1.1.3 Krashen’s Input Hypothesis
• 1.2 Some Theoretical Concepts Related to Incidental Learning
• 1.2.1 Implicit and Explicit Learning
• 1.2.2 Incidental and Intentional Learning
• 1.3 Empirical Research on Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition
• 1.3.1. History of SLVA Research
• 1.3.2. Theoretic Construction of IVA
• 1.3.3 Major Factors Involved in IVA
• 1.3.4 Importance of Interesting Text in L2 Reading
• 1.3.5 Role of Dictionary Use in Vocabulary Learning
• 1.3.6 Limitations of IVA
• Chapter 2 Design of the Study
• 2.1 Subjects of the Study
• 2.2 Instruments Employed in the Experiment
• 2.2.1 Texts for Extensive Reading
• 2.2.2 Computer Software
• 2.3. Procedures of the Experiment
• 2.3.1 Questionnaire on the Subjects
• 2.3.2 Selecting Reading Materials
• 2.3.3 Choosing Target Words
• 2.3.4 Implementing the Experiment and Test
• Chapter 3 Results and Discussion
• 3.1 Subjects’ Feedback on Reading Practice
• 3.1.1 Result of Questionnaire
• 3.1.2 Findings from Questionnaire
• 3.2 Analyses and Discussion of Test Scores of Two Groups
• 3.2.1 Statistical Analyses of Subjects’ Test Results
• 3.2.2 Discussion
• 3.3 Analyses and Discussion of Influence of Exposure and Time Span on Word Acquisition
• 3.3.1 Statistical Analyses of Correlation Between Two Factors and Test Results
• 3.3.2 Discussion
• 3.4 Summary
• Conclusion
• 1. Overview
• 2. Pedagogical Implication of the Study
• 3. Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Future Research
• Bibliography
• Appendix I
• Appendix II
• Appendix III
• Appendix IV
• Acknowledgements
• Resumé