文化因素引起的外语焦虑与课堂参与的关系研究

文化因素引起的外语焦虑与课堂参与的关系研究

论文摘要

自20世纪80年代以来,随着二语习得研究的重心从教师如何教转向学生如何学,情感因素受到越来越多的关注,其中焦虑被视为重要的因素之一。尽管近年来有大量的研究致力于外语语言焦虑研究,但是几乎没有研究把文化因素看作是外语焦虑的来源,更别提研究这种由文化因素引起的外语焦虑与中国环境下学生的课堂参与的关系了。本研究即致力于研究学生的课堂参与与由文化因素引起的外语焦虑之间的关系。本研究以长治学院二年级英语专业生研究对象,结合了量的研究和质的研究两种方法进行。在量的研究中使用了两份问卷:《文化因素引起的外语焦虑量表》和《课堂参与问卷》,测量后所得数据使用软件SPSS11.5处理;而在质的研究中,作者使用了访谈和课堂观察两种手段获得更详细的数据以进一步理解文化因素引起的外语焦虑对学生课堂参与的影响。本研究达成的几个重要结果如下:首先,经研究发现在英语专业生中普遍存在大量的由文化因素引起的外语焦虑;同时,学生的参与意愿和频率之间呈显著正相关,在三种不同的活动形式中,学生参与频率有差异,参与教师引导型活动最多,全班活动最少。其次,研究结果表明文化因素引起的外语焦虑与学生课堂参与意愿和频率均呈显著负相关,显著水平为0.01;其中,这种焦虑与频率的相关更为密切;在三种不同的活动形式中,焦虑与全班整体活动的负相关程度最高,与教师引导型活动最低。再次,进一步的研究发现引起外语焦虑的九个文化因素中有八个与总体以及三种课堂活动的参与频率均呈显著负相关,而来自于父母期望的焦虑却与四种参与频率均呈正相关。因素一(负面评价焦虑)、因素二(教师权威性引起的焦虑)、因素三(源至中国谦虚美德的焦虑)和因素七(时间限制引起的焦虑)是对所有参与频率影响最深的四个因素。最后,本研究发现低焦虑的学生更倾向于采取主动的方式参与课堂活动,相反,高焦虑的学生倾向于在人群中应答或者只是听讲或做笔记。基于以上研究结果,作者提出了两条教学建议:首先,建议教师和学生改变教与学过程中固有的角色以避免课堂中引起外语焦虑的中国文化因素;第二,建议通过合理设计课堂活动以及给予学生合理评价使学生享受成功的感觉,从而刺激他们的课堂参与积极性。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 中文摘要
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 The Reasons for the Study
  • 1.2 The Significance of the Study
  • 1.3 The Structure of the Study
  • 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Studies Abroad
  • 2.1.1 Definition of Foreign Language Anxiety
  • 2.1.2 The Classifications of Foreign Language Anxiety
  • 2.1.3 The Sources of the FLA
  • 2.1.4 The Relationship between FLA and FLL
  • 2.2 Studies at Home
  • 2.3 Theoretical Foundations
  • 2.3.1 Krashen’s Affective Filter Hypothesis
  • 2.3.2 The Output Hypothesis
  • 2.3.3 The Interaction Hypothesis
  • 3 The Methodology
  • 3.1 The Hypotheses of the Study
  • 3.2 Subjects
  • 3.3 Instruments
  • 3.4 Procedures
  • 3.5 Data Collection and Treatment
  • 4 Data Analysis and Results
  • 4.1 Analysis of Quantitative Study
  • 4.2 Analysis of the Interview
  • 4.3 Analysis of the Classroom Observation
  • 5 Discussion
  • 5.1 Discussion of Q1
  • 5.2 Discussion of Q2
  • 5.3 Discussion of Q3
  • 5.4 Discussion of Q4
  • 5.5 Discussion of Q5
  • 5.6 Implications
  • 6 Conclusion
  • 7 Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Studies
  • 7.1 Limitations of the Study
  • 7.2 Suggestions for Further Studies
  • Acknowledgements
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix
  • Appendix A
  • Appendix B
  • Appendix C
  • Appendix D
  • Appendix E
  • Appendix F
  • 攻读学位期间发表的论文
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    文化因素引起的外语焦虑与课堂参与的关系研究
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