本文主要研究内容
作者孙畅莹（2019）在《梨片超声-远红外辐射干燥及品质特性研究》一文中研究指出：梨是蔷薇科梨属植物,含有丰富的营养成分,具有生津润燥、清热降火、止咳化痰等功效。梨除了鲜用之外,将其干制成梨片进行销售,这不仅能保证梨的食用价值,也拓宽了梨的消费市场。直触式超声干燥能够促进物料的传质效果,远红外辐射干燥能够提高物料的传热效果,将直触式超声技术与远红外辐射技术相结合,理论上既能提高物料的传热效果,又能促进物料的传质效果,使物料的干燥速率和产品品质得到提高。本研究将2种干燥技术相结合,以梨片为试材,研究了超声联合远红外辐射干燥梨片的干燥特性与品质特性,研究成果以期为超声联合远红外辐射干燥技术的理论研究及实际应用提供参考。研究主要内容如下:1.以梨片为试材,探讨超声对常规热风干燥过程的强化效应。结果表明:热风干燥梨片过程中施加超声有利于加快干燥进程,且超声功率越高,脱水速率越快、干燥时间越短,当超声功率为48 W时,干燥时间可缩短50%以上。利用扫描电镜观察不同干燥条件下梨片的微观结构,结果表明,超声功率越高,越有利于在梨片表面形成更疏松的组织结构,微细孔道越大、越多。梨片内部流动性最大的自由水在干燥过程中峰面积呈下降趋势且最先被完全脱除,超声功率越大,自由水被完全脱除的时间就越短。结合水及不易流动水的峰面积整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,超声功率越大,对不易流动水及结合水的影响越显著。当温度为35℃,超声功率从0 W提升至48 W时,梨片的总酚含量增加了32.97%;总黄酮含量增加了21.06%;复水率增加了21.61%。但当温度为55℃,超声功率从0 W提升至48 W时,总酚含量减少了30.25%;总黄酮含量减少了8.66%;复水率增加了16.34%。表明低温下施加超声有利于提高梨片的品质特性,且总酚含量、总黄酮含量、复水率随超声功率的增加而增大,但温度过高则不利于产品的品质。2.研究超声联合远红外辐射干燥梨片的干燥特性及水分迁移规律。结果表明:超声联合远红外辐射干燥梨片过程中,超声功率和远红外辐射温度均对干燥特性影响显著（P<0.05）,提高超声功率和远红外辐射温度能够显著缩短梨片干燥时间并加快干燥速率,其平均干燥速率增幅为25.81%62.24%。利用BP神经网络对干燥过程中含水率变化进行训练和预测,所建立的数学模型能够实现较高的预测精度,决定系数R2为0.9992。超声功率和远红外辐射温度越高,梨片纵切面的组织结构更加疏松,孔道直径越大。利用低场核磁共振技术表明,提高超声功率和远红外辐射温度,梨片T2反演图谱信号幅值减少越快,自由水被完全脱除的时间显著缩短。不易流动水和结合水在干燥前期呈现上升的趋势,且随超声功率和远红外辐射温度的增大而增加的越多,两种水分状态在自由水被完全脱除后呈现下降的趋势,且随超声功率和远红外辐射温度的增大而脱除的时间越短。通过MRI图像的H+质子密度图可形象直观地表征梨片干燥过程的水分分布变化规律,在干燥过程中,超声功率和远红外辐射温度越大,其红度值和含水区域减小得越快。3.研究超声联合远红外辐射干燥梨片的品质特性,并进行参数优化。结果表明:远红外辐射温度较低时,提高超声功率有利于提高梨片的品质特性。过高的远红外辐射温度和过大的超声功率联合干燥则有损于梨片的品质。相同超声功率下,梨片的总酚、总黄酮、总糖含量及复水率随远红外辐射温度的升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势,色差?E值呈现先下降后上升的趋势,Vc含量、硬度随远红外辐射温度的升高呈现逐渐下降的趋势。利用AHP法和加权综合评分法对超声联合远红外辐射干燥梨片参数进行优化,得到的最优干燥参数为:远红外辐射温度为220℃、超声功率24 W。此时总酚、总黄酮、Vc、总糖含量分别为459.06mg/100 g、231.36 mg/100 g、34.86 mg/100 g、553.55 mg/100 g,复水率为3.34,色差?E值、硬度分别为11.62、653.44 g。
Abstract
li shi qiang wei ke li shu zhi wu ,han you feng fu de ying yang cheng fen ,ju you sheng jin run zao 、qing re jiang huo 、zhi hai hua tan deng gong xiao 。li chu le xian yong zhi wai ,jiang ji gan zhi cheng li pian jin hang xiao shou ,zhe bu jin neng bao zheng li de shi yong jia zhi ,ye ta kuan le li de xiao fei shi chang 。zhi chu shi chao sheng gan zao neng gou cu jin wu liao de chuan zhi xiao guo ,yuan gong wai fu she gan zao neng gou di gao wu liao de chuan re xiao guo ,jiang zhi chu shi chao sheng ji shu yu yuan gong wai fu she ji shu xiang jie ge ,li lun shang ji neng di gao wu liao de chuan re xiao guo ,you neng cu jin wu liao de chuan zhi xiao guo ,shi wu liao de gan zao su lv he chan pin pin zhi de dao di gao 。ben yan jiu jiang 2chong gan zao ji shu xiang jie ge ,yi li pian wei shi cai ,yan jiu le chao sheng lian ge yuan gong wai fu she gan zao li pian de gan zao te xing yu pin zhi te xing ,yan jiu cheng guo yi ji wei chao sheng lian ge yuan gong wai fu she gan zao ji shu de li lun yan jiu ji shi ji ying yong di gong can kao 。yan jiu zhu yao nei rong ru xia :1.yi li pian wei shi cai ,tan tao chao sheng dui chang gui re feng gan zao guo cheng de jiang hua xiao ying 。jie guo biao ming :re feng gan zao li pian guo cheng zhong shi jia chao sheng you li yu jia kuai gan zao jin cheng ,ju chao sheng gong lv yue gao ,tuo shui su lv yue kuai 、gan zao shi jian yue duan ,dang chao sheng gong lv wei 48 Wshi ,gan zao shi jian ke su duan 50%yi shang 。li yong sao miao dian jing guan cha bu tong gan zao tiao jian xia li pian de wei guan jie gou ,jie guo biao ming ,chao sheng gong lv yue gao ,yue you li yu zai li pian biao mian xing cheng geng shu song de zu zhi jie gou ,wei xi kong dao yue da 、yue duo 。li pian nei bu liu dong xing zui da de zi you shui zai gan zao guo cheng zhong feng mian ji cheng xia jiang qu shi ju zui xian bei wan quan tuo chu ,chao sheng gong lv yue da ,zi you shui bei wan quan tuo chu de shi jian jiu yue duan 。jie ge shui ji bu yi liu dong shui de feng mian ji zheng ti cheng xian xian shang sheng hou xia jiang de qu shi ,chao sheng gong lv yue da ,dui bu yi liu dong shui ji jie ge shui de ying xiang yue xian zhe 。dang wen du wei 35℃,chao sheng gong lv cong 0 Wdi sheng zhi 48 Wshi ,li pian de zong fen han liang zeng jia le 32.97%;zong huang tong han liang zeng jia le 21.06%;fu shui lv zeng jia le 21.61%。dan dang wen du wei 55℃,chao sheng gong lv cong 0 Wdi sheng zhi 48 Wshi ,zong fen han liang jian shao le 30.25%;zong huang tong han liang jian shao le 8.66%;fu shui lv zeng jia le 16.34%。biao ming di wen xia shi jia chao sheng you li yu di gao li pian de pin zhi te xing ,ju zong fen han liang 、zong huang tong han liang 、fu shui lv sui chao sheng gong lv de zeng jia er zeng da ,dan wen du guo gao ze bu li yu chan pin de pin zhi 。2.yan jiu chao sheng lian ge yuan gong wai fu she gan zao li pian de gan zao te xing ji shui fen qian yi gui lv 。jie guo biao ming :chao sheng lian ge yuan gong wai fu she gan zao li pian guo cheng zhong ,chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du jun dui gan zao te xing ying xiang xian zhe （P<0.05）,di gao chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du neng gou xian zhe su duan li pian gan zao shi jian bing jia kuai gan zao su lv ,ji ping jun gan zao su lv zeng fu wei 25.81%62.24%。li yong BPshen jing wang lao dui gan zao guo cheng zhong han shui lv bian hua jin hang xun lian he yu ce ,suo jian li de shu xue mo xing neng gou shi xian jiao gao de yu ce jing du ,jue ding ji shu R2wei 0.9992。chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du yue gao ,li pian zong qie mian de zu zhi jie gou geng jia shu song ,kong dao zhi jing yue da 。li yong di chang he ci gong zhen ji shu biao ming ,di gao chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du ,li pian T2fan yan tu pu xin hao fu zhi jian shao yue kuai ,zi you shui bei wan quan tuo chu de shi jian xian zhe su duan 。bu yi liu dong shui he jie ge shui zai gan zao qian ji cheng xian shang sheng de qu shi ,ju sui chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du de zeng da er zeng jia de yue duo ,liang chong shui fen zhuang tai zai zi you shui bei wan quan tuo chu hou cheng xian xia jiang de qu shi ,ju sui chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du de zeng da er tuo chu de shi jian yue duan 。tong guo MRItu xiang de H+zhi zi mi du tu ke xing xiang zhi guan de biao zheng li pian gan zao guo cheng de shui fen fen bu bian hua gui lv ,zai gan zao guo cheng zhong ,chao sheng gong lv he yuan gong wai fu she wen du yue da ,ji gong du zhi he han shui ou yu jian xiao de yue kuai 。3.yan jiu chao sheng lian ge yuan gong wai fu she gan zao li pian de pin zhi te xing ,bing jin hang can shu you hua 。jie guo biao ming :yuan gong wai fu she wen du jiao di shi ,di gao chao sheng gong lv you li yu di gao li pian de pin zhi te xing 。guo gao de yuan gong wai fu she wen du he guo da de chao sheng gong lv lian ge gan zao ze you sun yu li pian de pin zhi 。xiang tong chao sheng gong lv xia ,li pian de zong fen 、zong huang tong 、zong tang han liang ji fu shui lv sui yuan gong wai fu she wen du de sheng gao cheng xian xian shang sheng hou xia jiang de qu shi ,se cha ?Ezhi cheng xian xian xia jiang hou shang sheng de qu shi ,Vchan liang 、ying du sui yuan gong wai fu she wen du de sheng gao cheng xian zhu jian xia jiang de qu shi 。li yong AHPfa he jia quan zeng ge ping fen fa dui chao sheng lian ge yuan gong wai fu she gan zao li pian can shu jin hang you hua ,de dao de zui you gan zao can shu wei :yuan gong wai fu she wen du wei 220℃、chao sheng gong lv 24 W。ci shi zong fen 、zong huang tong 、Vc、zong tang han liang fen bie wei 459.06mg/100 g、231.36 mg/100 g、34.86 mg/100 g、553.55 mg/100 g,fu shui lv wei 3.34,se cha ?Ezhi 、ying du fen bie wei 11.62、653.44 g。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自河南科技大学的孙畅莹，发表于刊物河南科技大学2019-09-18论文，是一篇关于超声论文,远红外辐射论文,干燥特性论文,品质特性论文,河南科技大学2019-09-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自河南科技大学2019-09-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：超声论文; 远红外辐射论文; 干燥特性论文; 品质特性论文; 河南科技大学2019-09-18论文;