非对称世界中的国际关系 ——以中国为例

非对称世界中的国际关系 ——以中国为例

论文摘要

尽管有许多评论,东亚的未来会不会成为欧洲模式,但是,中国已经和周边国家建立了紧密的联系,消除了因在领土面积,人口数量,军事实力和经济潜力上不可超越的实力而给周边国家带来的不安和焦虑。并不像现在西方国际关系学者的主流观点,中国自经济改革以来,已经成功地适应了外部对其的担忧。这篇论文的目的就是通过批判正统国际关系理论在提供一个合理,有说服力的逻辑框架来阐释东亚国际政治的动态变化上的局限,试图构建一种新的理论框架——非对称理论。第一章非对称理论的意义这一章是用来说明大部分主流的国际关系理论,过分地依赖于西方的历史经验,因而在分析东亚的历史时不是一个很有用的工具。这些理论主张不用去分析政治参与者的主要动机,将独立国家视为主权实体,因而,它们或是过分强调中国物质力量的增强所带来的影响,认为这必将最终导致中美之间的冲突,或是高估扩大经济联系的作用,认为在现代复杂的国际经济框架内,最终会实现不断增长的和平。并不像这些在解释东亚变动中的国家关系上有困难的理论,在丰富的分析和叙述基础上,非对称理论的分析框架提供了一个全新的选择。此外,这一章将把非对称理论的考察范围扩大到东南亚,南美这些非对称国家关系占统治地位的地区,通过这种方式来检验非对称理论是否能够成为一种新的理论分析框架。第二章对非对称理论的思考通过考察这一理论框架的构建过程,本章指出了非对称理论对于当代国际关系理论的四个主要的贡献。第一,它解释了国际关系理论中的规范是如何发挥作用的。第二,它通过阐释非物质因素是如何代替物质因素构建出一种可靠的领导权来证明非物质因素在解释国际秩序中发挥的重要作用。第三,这一理论填补了中国研究和政治学研究之间的鸿沟。第四,它还将讨论是否可以通过研究两个比较典型区域内的非对称国家关系来构建一种非西方的国际关系理论。第三章现代化之前中国对朝鲜半岛的军事行动这一章通过考察中国在朝鲜半岛的军事行动来研究中国这个东亚的核心国家是如何构建起稳定的领导权的。不像霸权稳定理论解释的那样,这一章将讨论中国之所以建立起以中国为核心的区域秩序是因为中国可以牺牲自己的安全来保卫这一体系中的参与者免于受到日本的入侵。本章的研究案例集中于从1592到1894这一中国国内的统治还未稳定的时期,明清两朝对朝鲜半岛的军事行动。第四章后冷战时代的非对称关系:韩国与中美的关系这一章分析了在后冷战时代,领导权在消减韩国对中国和美国的误解上发挥的重要作用。根据韩国几家主要的报纸和研究机构组织的民意调查的数据分析,我们发现,自从1992年中韩关系正常化之后,韩国人对于中国的态度发生了迅速的转变,从敌人变为了朋友。更有趣的是,韩国人开始将中国视为一个建设性的合作伙伴,就像冷战期间对美国的态度一样。这一章通过展示在中美韩非对称三角关系中,领导权是如何影响韩国民众对于中美这两个大国的态度和误解,来为非对称理论提供一个更有说服力的证据。

论文目录

  • Synopsis
  • Preface
  • CHAPTER 1. Does Asymmetry Matter?
  • Introduction
  • 1.1.A symmetry in Regional Context
  • 1.2.R egional Context of Asymmetry: CHINA and ASEAN
  • Critique of the Dominant Theories
  • How Asymmetry Works Between Sino-ASEAN Relations in the Regional Context
  • The Novelty of the Sino-ASEAN Relations since Normalization
  • The Security Dimension
  • The economic dimension
  • The United States in the Region
  • Conclusion
  • 1.3. Regional Context of Asymmetry in South America
  • Brazil as a Regional Power
  • China and its Implications to Brazil within the Regional Context
  • Conclusion
  • Chapter 2. The Puzzle of Asymmetry
  • Introduction
  • 2.1. Hegemonic Stability or Hierarchy
  • 2.2. Asymmetry as a New Theoretical Framework
  • Asymmetry, Leadership and Institutionalization
  • Asymmetry and Analytic Narratives
  • Asymmetry, Deference and Rationality
  • Autonomy, Misperception and Asymmetry
  • 2.3. Theoretical Contributions to Contemporary IR Theories
  • What Makes Norms Work as They Form
  • How Non-Material Factors Bring Order Back in Anarchy
  • A Bridge between Sinology and Political Science
  • Possibility of Building a Non-Western IR Theory
  • Chapter 3. China’s Military Campaigns in the Korean Peninsula before Modernization
  • 3.1. Asymmetry and Military Campaigns
  • 3.2. Ming’s Dispatch in 1592
  • 3.3. Qing’s Dispatch in 1894
  • Chapter 4. Asymmetric Relations in the Post-Cold War Era:South Korea between the U.S. and China
  • Introduction
  • 4.1.Shortcomings of Existing Theories
  • 4.2.P uzzle Unsolved
  • 4.3.A symmetric Misperception between Allies
  • 4.4.E mpirical Evidence
  • Conclusion
  • Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • List of Public Opinion Polls
  • Acknowledgement
  • 中文摘要
  • Abstract
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    非对称世界中的国际关系 ——以中国为例
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