英语专业精读课堂师生协商式互动研究

论文摘要

随着交际教学法和任务型教学法在中国英语教学中的广泛实施,课堂互动,尤其是师生协商式互动在近些年来越来越多的引起了中国学者的兴趣和关注。然而,国内学者对于师生协商式互动的研究还大多停留在对国外相关研究的介绍和综述层面上,缺乏对于课堂互动的实证研究,以课堂师生协商式互动为研究对象的研究则更是寥寥无几,这与中国拥有最庞大的英语学习者群体的事实极不相符。因此,本文在回顾现有文献的基础上,从心理语言互动和社会互动两个理论视角,对中国东北一所师范院校英语专业四个班级的精读课堂进行观察和录音,并以定性辅以定量分析的方法,对所搜集的八节精读课堂录音的转写文本进行分析讨论,旨在揭示英语专业精读课堂师生协商式互动的现状及其对学生即时口语输出的影响,以期为二语习得研究提供有益的补充。本文的主要研究发现如下:(1)在英语专业精读课堂中,师生协商式互动在课堂互动中所占比例较小。(2)在三种不同协商类型中,内容协商出现频率最高,形式协商其次,意义协商最低。(3)在协商过程中,教师运用多种协商手段,如诱导、理解核查、澄清请求等以最大限度调动学生主动参与。(4)总体来看,师生协商式互动有助于提高学生即时口语输出的质和量,但不同的协商类型和协商手段效果不尽相同。在三种协商类型中,内容协商在引导学生进行更多更好的口语输出方面最为有效;而诱导和澄清请求则是可以最有效促进学生口语输出质和量的最佳协商手段。本研究真实反映了当前英语专业精读课堂师生协商式互动的现状,证明了师生协商式互动的确可以为学生创设更为有利的语言、认知及情感环境,进而促进其语言能力和认知能力的共同发展。此外,本研究也证实了课堂研究对揭示学习者第二语言发展过程的巨大潜力和价值,因而值得进一步深入探索。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• List of Abbreviations
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Background and Necessity of the Study
• 1.2 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Defining Negotiation
• 2.2 Classifying Negotiation
• 2.2.1 Negotiation of Meaning
• 2.2.2 Negotiation of Form
• 2.2.3 Negotiation of Content
• 2.3 A Selective Review of Relevant Studies on Negotiation
• 2.3.1 Negotiation and L2 Comprehension
• 2.3.2 Negotiation and L2 Form
• 2.3.3 Negotiation and L2 Output
• 2.3.4 Classroom-based Studies on Negotiation
• 2.3.4.1 Identification of Negotiated Interaction in Classroom Setting
• 2.3.4.2 Studies on Effects of Different Negotiation Types
• 2.3.4.3 Summary of Previous Classroom-based Studies on Negotiation
• Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Psycholinguistic Interactionist Theories
• 3.1.1 Input Hypothesis
• 3.1.2 Interaction Hypothesis
• 3.1.3 Output Hypothesis
• 3.2 Social Interactionist Theories
• 3.2.1 Mediation in Learning
• 3.2.2 Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding
• Chapter Four Research Design
• 4.1 Research Questions and Hypotheses
• 4.2 Subjects of the Study
• 4.3 Data Collection: Classroom Observation and Recording
• 4.4 Data Transcription
• 4.5 Data Coding and Analysis
• 4.5.1 FLIAS: Data Coding and Analysis System
• 4.5.2 Identifying Negotiated/Non-negotiated Interaction
• 4.5.3 Classifying Negotiated Interaction
• 4.5.4 Illustrating Negotiation Devices
• 4.5.5 Evaluating Student Output
• Chapter Five Results and Discussion
• 5.1 Ratio of Negotiated to Non-negotiated Interaction
• 5.2 Frequency Distribution of Three Different Types of Negotiation
• 5.3 Devices Used to Initiate and Sustain Negotiation
• 5.4 Effects of Negotiation on Student Output
• 5.4.1 Effects of Negotiation Types on Student Output
• 5.4.2 Effects of Negotiation Devices on Student Output
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• 6.1 Summary of Major Findings
• 6.2 Pedagogical Implications
• 6.3 Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research
• References
• Appendix One Transcription Conventions
• Appendix Two Sample Transcription
• Acknowledgements