论人际意义在国际商务谈判话语中的实现

论人际意义在国际商务谈判话语中的实现

论文摘要

随着世界经济全球化和一体化的发展,国际间的商务活动日益频繁,大量的商品、劳务、资金、技术等得以跨越国界来满足不同国家的需求。国际商务谈判作为国际商务活动中的重要一环有着举足轻重的作用,其成功与否是国际商务活动能否顺利进行的关键。国内外对国际商务谈判的研究虽由来已久,但主要局限于从文化、语用等视角对国际商务谈判进行研究,而从功能语法的角度对国际商务谈判话语所进行的研究则相对较少。语言的功能之一便是用来交际。韩礼德认为所有的人类语言主要是围绕两种意义展开,一种是概念意义,另外一种是人际意义。前者是指语言的使用是用来认识周围的环境,后者是指语言是用来交际,建立并维护人与人之间的关系,同时也是说话者用来表达自己的身份、地位及其对周围的人或事物的态度或判断。商务谈判中,谈判双方不同语言结构的使用就体现了丰富的人际意义,本文正是以国际商务谈判的人际意义为研究对象。在本研究中,作者将采用李战子的人际意义分析框架,从功能语言学的语气、情态、评价和人际隐喻四个角度对国际商务谈判话语的人际意义展开分析。该人际意义分析框架结合了微观词汇语法层面和宏观语义层面,是对韩礼德的人际意义分析框架的补充和拓展。本研究中的15篇语料选自4本已出版的国际商务谈判书籍。作者通过定量及定性的研究方法对该语料进行了全面的分析。经过分析,有如下的结论:首先,语气系统体现了大量的人际意义,其中陈述语气出现频率最高。谈判者采用陈述语气向对方提供某种信息,表明自己的立场或态度,并用疑问语气向对方询问信息,其中是/否疑问句的委婉表达方式是谈判者采用的语言策略之一,其在一定程度上缓和了谈判气氛,并使谈判能够顺利进行下去。由于祈使语气具有命令的言语功能,其在国际商务谈判话语中的使用较少;其次,情态系统也是实现人际意义的主要手段之一,谈判者主要通过中价值和低价值的情态动词和情态副词来表达自己的观点和态度,由于高价值的情态词语气过于强势,其在商务谈判中的使用较少;再次,评价系统也是人际意义分析不可或缺的一部分,谈判者通过不同的词汇语法手段表达了自己对产品或服务的态度,判断或看法,并以此来缓和谈判气氛或试图说服对方接受提出的条件;最后,人际隐喻作为李战子人际意义分析框架中的宏观层面,也是实现人际意义的重要手段之一。谈判者通过运用各种投射句来强调自己的看法或判断或使自己的态度或判断客观化,并以此来说服对方接受自己的观点或做出让步。笔者希望本次尝试性地从微观和宏观两个层面来分析商务谈判的人际意义是对语篇分析的一个有益的补充和拓展。同时希望该研究能够深化人们对商务谈判语言的认识,并能对国际商务谈判教学有一定的借鉴价值。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter Ⅰ Introduction
  • 1.1 Research Background
  • 1.2 Rationale for the Present Research
  • 1.3 Objective and Significance of the Present Research
  • 1.4 Organization of the Thesis
  • Chapter Ⅱ Literature Review
  • 2.1 Previous Studies on Interpersonal Meaning
  • 2.1.1 Different Approaches to Interpersonal Meaning
  • 2.1.2 A Review of the Application of Interpersonal Meaning in Discourse
  • 2.2 Previous Studies on Business Negotiation
  • 2.2.1 Strategic and Cultural Research on Business Negotiation
  • 2.2.2 Linguistic Research on Business Negotiation
  • Chapter Ⅲ Theoretical Framework
  • 3.1 Halliday's Conceptual Framework
  • 3.2 Major Aspects for Interpersonal Meaning
  • 3.2.1 Mood
  • 3.2.2 Modality
  • 3.2.3 Appraisal
  • 3.3 Li Zhanzi's Interpersonal Framework
  • Chapter Ⅳ Research Design
  • 4.1 Research Questions
  • 4.2 Research Method
  • 4.3 Data Collection
  • 4.4 Data Analysis
  • Chapter Ⅴ Realization of Interpersonal Meaning in the Discourse of International Business Negotiation
  • 5.1 Context of Situation
  • 5.1.1 Three Variables of Context of Situation
  • 5.1.2 Tenor—the Variable of Context of Situation
  • 5.1.3 Tenor of Business Negotiation
  • 5.2 Realization of Interpersonal Meaning through Micro-social Hierarchy
  • 5.2.1 Li Zhanzi's Micro-social Hierarchy of Interpersonal Meaning
  • 5.2.2 Realization through Mood System
  • 5.2.3 Realization through Modality System
  • 5.2.4 Realization through Appraisal System
  • 5.3 Realization of Interpersonal Meaning through Macro-social Hierarchy
  • 5.3.1 Li Zhanzi's Macro-social Hierarchy of Interpersonal Meaning
  • 5.3.2 Interpersonal Metaphor
  • 5.3.3 Realization through Metaphor of Mood
  • 5.3.4 Realization through Metaphor of Modality
  • Chapter Ⅵ Conclusion
  • 6.1 Major Findings of the Present Study
  • 6.2 Implications and Limitations of the Present Study
  • 6.2.1 Implications
  • 6.2.2 Limitations
  • 6.3 Suggestions for Future Research
  • Bibliography
  • Acknowledgements
  • Appendix
  • 在读期间科研成果目录
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