哲学阐释学视角下译者的主体性研究

哲学阐释学视角下译者的主体性研究

论文摘要

在传统的翻译研究中,译者始终处于一种被忽略、被遗忘的文化边缘地位,常被人冠以“仆人”、“画家”、“媒婆”、“翻译机器”等不雅的称呼,其主观能动性的发挥没能得到应有的肯定和重视,以致译者只能亦步亦趋地跟在原文作者及原作的后面,完全成了隐身人。近年韵翻译研究中关于译者主体意识及其主体性的探讨,打破了这种僵局,将译者从“隐形人”的身份彻底解放出来,凸显了译者在翻译活动中的地位和作用。正是在当前翻译研究的大背景下,本文从西方的一种哲学理论——哲学阐释学的视角,重新审视了译者主体性研究:在介绍哲学阐释学的基本原理和发展状况的基础上,特别是通过“成见”“效果历史意识”和“视域融合”三个核心概念的阐述,指出了哲学阐释学与译者主体性之间的密切关系,进而展开了深入的研究。笔者认为,译者在审视原作的过程中,总是或多或少的带有“成见”,即,会受到其自身的文学修养,文化底蕴,价值取向和审美标准等因素的影响,从而在译作中不同程度的烙下其主体性的印记,“文化误读”及“误译”便不可避免;由于“效果历史意识”的关系,译者不可能完全还原作者及原文本所表述的一切,所谓纯粹的、绝对的“等值”或“忠诚”只是一种理想状态,这又为译者的“创造性叛逆”提供了可能;在“视域融合”下,译者的视域与文本的视域相互融合,从而实现了原作者、译者和目标语读者之间主体间性的对话。可以说,在哲学阐释学的三个核心概念下,译者的主体性发挥找到了充分的理论依据。在个案研究中,笔者通过比较哈代的《德伯家的苔丝》的两个中译本,张谷若(1984)及孙法理(1993),运用大量的实例分析,分别指出了两位译者在文化误译,创造性叛逆和主体间性的对话上所达到的程度及效果,从而得出翻译无定本,翻译并不是译者对原作意义的追索或还原,而始终是一种创造性的活动,无时无刻不带有译者的主体性因素。但这种主体性发挥不是肆意妄为,为心所欲,而是在一定的度内,恰当的把握这个度,既是译者的责任,也是其译术人格的体现。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 On Translator's Subjectivity
  • 2.1 Definition of Translator's Subjectivity
  • 2.1.1 Who is the Subject of Translation
  • 2.1.2 The Connotation of Translator's Subjectivity
  • 2.2 The Status of Translator in Traditional Translation Study
  • 2.3 Identification of Translator's Subjective Status
  • 2.3.1 The Focus on Translator's Subjectivity by Foreign Scholars
  • 2.3.2 The Focus on Translator's Subjectivity by Domestic Scholars
  • 2.4 Summary
  • 3 A Philosophical Hermeneutic Look at Translator's Subjectivity
  • 3.1 The General Introduction of Philosophical Hermeneutics
  • 3.2 The Focus of Philosophical Hermeneutics
  • 3.2.1 The Argument between Natural Science and Human Science
  • 3.2.2 Dialogue as the Nature of Language
  • 3.3 The Core Concepts of Philosophical Hermeneutics
  • 3.3.1 Prejudice
  • 3.3.2 Effective History Conciousness
  • 3.3.3 Fusion of Horizons
  • 3.4 Close Relationship between Philosophical Hermeneutics and Translator's Subjectivity
  • 3.4.1 Philosophical Hermeneutics and Translation Study
  • 3.4.2 The Pursuance for Subjectivity of Men by Philosophical Hermeneutics
  • 3.5 Summary
  • 4 The Study on Translator's Subjectivity from the Perspective of Philosophical Hermeneutics
  • 4.1 Prejudice and Translator's Cultural Mistranslation
  • 4.1.1 On Cultural Mistranslation
  • 4.1.2 Translator's Cultural Mistranslation within Prejudice
  • 4.2 Effective History Consciousness and Translator's Creative Treason
  • 4.2.1 On Creative Treason
  • 4.2.2 Translator's Creative Treason within Effective History Consciousness
  • 4.3 Fusion of Horizons and Inter-Subjectivity in Translation
  • 4.3.1 On Inter-Subjectivity in Translation
  • 4.3.2 Inter-Subjectivity in Translation within Fusion of Horizons
  • 4.4 Case Study
  • 4.4.1 On the Tess of D'urbervilles
  • 4.4.2 On the Two Chinese Versions about Tess
  • 4.4.3 The Manifestations of Translator's Subjectivity within the Two Chinese Versions
  • 4.5 Summary
  • 5 Enllghtenment to Translation Study by Philosophical Hermeneutics
  • Conclusion
  • Notes
  • Bibliography
  • The Published Paper
  • Acknowledgements
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    哲学阐释学视角下译者的主体性研究
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