本文主要研究内容
作者李红卫（2019）在《飞蝗口器嗅觉神经元编码特征及一种气味分子受体功能的研究》一文中研究指出：昆虫是自然界中最庞大的生物类群,已经进化出复杂的嗅觉器官来接收来自周围的各种化学刺激,这种强大的能力使他们能够检测和辨别成千上万种气味分子,从而准确地寻找寄主、配偶、产卵地及躲避天敌等。很多证据表明不同的嗅觉器官起着不同的嗅觉功能。对大多数昆虫来说,触角和口器触须是最重要的两个嗅觉器官,目前对昆虫化学感受的研究大多集中于触角气味分子受体的鉴定及相关功能的研究,对口器触须的嗅觉功能的研究极少。飞蝗作为渐变态昆虫的模式物种,而且是一种具有暴食特性的重大农业害虫,其感受植物挥发物的分子机理至今尚未明确。本论文运用昆虫电生理学、生物信息学、分子生物学的方法:明确了飞蝗下颚须嗅觉感器神经元对气味分子的编码特征,并对锥形感器不同亚型进行空间定位;首次鉴定到一条新的飞蝗气味分子受体LmigOR142,并分析其蛋白的序列,并探究了飞蝗口器触须转录组中的气味分子受体的时空表达特征;探明了飞蝗口器触须中高丰度表达的气味分子受体LmigOR12的生理功能。主要的研究结果如下:I.飞蝗下颚须锥形感器嗅觉神经元的气味分子编码特征通过单感器记录技术,对飞蝗下颚须锥形感器嗅觉神经元的反应特征进行分析。结果表明:飞蝗下颚须的锥形感器分为8个功能亚型(pb1、pb2、pb3、pb4、pb5、pb6、pb7、pb8),其中pb8亚型中的嗅觉神经元对多种醇类及酮类产生抑制反应,这与其他七种锥形感器亚型在反应特征上存在明显的差异;明确了 8种锥形感器亚型的空间分布;明确了 pb1和pb2亚型中嗅觉神经元的梯度依赖反应特征;证明了飞蝗下颚须与下唇须中pbl-L、pb2-L、pb8-L亚型中的嗅觉神经元具有相似的反应编码特征。Ⅱ.基于飞蝗触角和口器触须转录组的气味分子受体基因鉴定与表达差异研究通过转录组测序、生物信息学、分子生物学等方法对飞蝗触角和口器触须的气味分子受体基因的表达特征进行分析研究。鉴定出一条新的气味分子受体基因LmigOR142,其开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame,ORF)全长为1227 bp,共编码409个氨基酸,具有7个跨膜区(序列号为:KU865301)。通过半定量PCR和定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术分析比较了在口器触须转录组中发现的11个气味分子受体基因在五龄蝗蝻触角和口器触须的表达量差异。qRT-PCR的研究结果表明,五龄蝗蝻中的气味分子受体基因LmigOR12在触角中有极低的表达量,而在口器触须(下颚须和下唇须)中大量表达。另外,气味分子受体基因LmigOR13、LmigOR14、LmigOR18在口器触须中的表达量显著高于触角。相反,气味分子受体基因LmigOR15、LmigOR16、LmigOR17、LmigOR19、LmigOR21、LmigOR22在触角中的表达量显著高于口器触须中的表达量。Ⅲ.飞蝗气味分子受体LmigOR12的生理功能研究采用RNA干扰(RNAi)和电生理技术对LmigOR12的生理功能进行研究,结果表明:LmigOR12基因表达水平下降后,飞蝗口器下颚须对(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛((E,E)-2,4-heptadienal)、己醛(hexanal)、反-2-己烯醛(E-2-Hexenal)这三类植物醛的感受明显下降,对二,四-己二烯((E,E)-2,4-hexadienal)的反应没有明显变化,因此阐明了LmigOR1 参与了对2,4-庚二烯醛、己醛、反-2-己烯醛的感受。本论文的研究成果为阐明飞蝗的化学感受分子机制奠定了良好的理论基础。飞蝗的口器触须在食物的选择中起到重要的作用,本论文的研究结果有助于理解飞蝗选择食物的机制,并为新的防控途径的提出奠定理论基础。
Abstract
kun chong shi zi ran jie zhong zui pang da de sheng wu lei qun ,yi jing jin hua chu fu za de xiu jiao qi guan lai jie shou lai zi zhou wei de ge chong hua xue ci ji ,zhe chong jiang da de neng li shi ta men neng gou jian ce he bian bie cheng qian shang mo chong qi wei fen zi ,cong er zhun que de xun zhao ji zhu 、pei ou 、chan luan de ji duo bi tian di deng 。hen duo zheng ju biao ming bu tong de xiu jiao qi guan qi zhao bu tong de xiu jiao gong neng 。dui da duo shu kun chong lai shui ,chu jiao he kou qi chu xu shi zui chong yao de liang ge xiu jiao qi guan ,mu qian dui kun chong hua xue gan shou de yan jiu da duo ji zhong yu chu jiao qi wei fen zi shou ti de jian ding ji xiang guan gong neng de yan jiu ,dui kou qi chu xu de xiu jiao gong neng de yan jiu ji shao 。fei huang zuo wei jian bian tai kun chong de mo shi wu chong ,er ju shi yi chong ju you bao shi te xing de chong da nong ye hai chong ,ji gan shou zhi wu hui fa wu de fen zi ji li zhi jin shang wei ming que 。ben lun wen yun yong kun chong dian sheng li xue 、sheng wu xin xi xue 、fen zi sheng wu xue de fang fa :ming que le fei huang xia e xu xiu jiao gan qi shen jing yuan dui qi wei fen zi de bian ma te zheng ,bing dui zhui xing gan qi bu tong ya xing jin hang kong jian ding wei ;shou ci jian ding dao yi tiao xin de fei huang qi wei fen zi shou ti LmigOR142,bing fen xi ji dan bai de xu lie ,bing tan jiu le fei huang kou qi chu xu zhuai lu zu zhong de qi wei fen zi shou ti de shi kong biao da te zheng ;tan ming le fei huang kou qi chu xu zhong gao feng du biao da de qi wei fen zi shou ti LmigOR12de sheng li gong neng 。zhu yao de yan jiu jie guo ru xia :I.fei huang xia e xu zhui xing gan qi xiu jiao shen jing yuan de qi wei fen zi bian ma te zheng tong guo chan gan qi ji lu ji shu ,dui fei huang xia e xu zhui xing gan qi xiu jiao shen jing yuan de fan ying te zheng jin hang fen xi 。jie guo biao ming :fei huang xia e xu de zhui xing gan qi fen wei 8ge gong neng ya xing (pb1、pb2、pb3、pb4、pb5、pb6、pb7、pb8),ji zhong pb8ya xing zhong de xiu jiao shen jing yuan dui duo chong chun lei ji tong lei chan sheng yi zhi fan ying ,zhe yu ji ta qi chong zhui xing gan qi ya xing zai fan ying te zheng shang cun zai ming xian de cha yi ;ming que le 8chong zhui xing gan qi ya xing de kong jian fen bu ;ming que le pb1he pb2ya xing zhong xiu jiao shen jing yuan de ti du yi lai fan ying te zheng ;zheng ming le fei huang xia e xu yu xia chun xu zhong pbl-L、pb2-L、pb8-Lya xing zhong de xiu jiao shen jing yuan ju you xiang shi de fan ying bian ma te zheng 。Ⅱ.ji yu fei huang chu jiao he kou qi chu xu zhuai lu zu de qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin jian ding yu biao da cha yi yan jiu tong guo zhuai lu zu ce xu 、sheng wu xin xi xue 、fen zi sheng wu xue deng fang fa dui fei huang chu jiao he kou qi chu xu de qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin de biao da te zheng jin hang fen xi yan jiu 。jian ding chu yi tiao xin de qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin LmigOR142,ji kai fang yue dou kuang (Open Reading Frame,ORF)quan chang wei 1227 bp,gong bian ma 409ge an ji suan ,ju you 7ge kua mo ou (xu lie hao wei :KU865301)。tong guo ban ding liang PCRhe ding liang PCR(qRT-PCR)ji shu fen xi bi jiao le zai kou qi chu xu zhuai lu zu zhong fa xian de 11ge qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin zai wu ling huang nan chu jiao he kou qi chu xu de biao da liang cha yi 。qRT-PCRde yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,wu ling huang nan zhong de qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin LmigOR12zai chu jiao zhong you ji di de biao da liang ,er zai kou qi chu xu (xia e xu he xia chun xu )zhong da liang biao da 。ling wai ,qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin LmigOR13、LmigOR14、LmigOR18zai kou qi chu xu zhong de biao da liang xian zhe gao yu chu jiao 。xiang fan ,qi wei fen zi shou ti ji yin LmigOR15、LmigOR16、LmigOR17、LmigOR19、LmigOR21、LmigOR22zai chu jiao zhong de biao da liang xian zhe gao yu kou qi chu xu zhong de biao da liang 。Ⅲ.fei huang qi wei fen zi shou ti LmigOR12de sheng li gong neng yan jiu cai yong RNAgan rao (RNAi)he dian sheng li ji shu dui LmigOR12de sheng li gong neng jin hang yan jiu ,jie guo biao ming :LmigOR12ji yin biao da shui ping xia jiang hou ,fei huang kou qi xia e xu dui (E,E)-2,4-geng er xi quan ((E,E)-2,4-heptadienal)、ji quan (hexanal)、fan -2-ji xi quan (E-2-Hexenal)zhe san lei zhi wu quan de gan shou ming xian xia jiang ,dui er ,si -ji er xi ((E,E)-2,4-hexadienal)de fan ying mei you ming xian bian hua ,yin ci chan ming le LmigOR1 can yu le dui 2,4-geng er xi quan 、ji quan 、fan -2-ji xi quan de gan shou 。ben lun wen de yan jiu cheng guo wei chan ming fei huang de hua xue gan shou fen zi ji zhi dian ding le liang hao de li lun ji chu 。fei huang de kou qi chu xu zai shi wu de shua ze zhong qi dao chong yao de zuo yong ,ben lun wen de yan jiu jie guo you zhu yu li jie fei huang shua ze shi wu de ji zhi ,bing wei xin de fang kong tu jing de di chu dian ding li lun ji chu 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中国农业大学的李红卫，发表于刊物中国农业大学2019-01-17论文，是一篇关于飞蝗论文,下颚须论文,锥形感器论文,嗅觉神经元论文,气味编码特征论文,气味分子受体论文,中国农业大学2019-01-17论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国农业大学2019-01-17论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：飞蝗论文; 下颚须论文; 锥形感器论文; 嗅觉神经元论文; 气味编码特征论文; 气味分子受体论文; 中国农业大学2019-01-17论文;