论《孙子兵法》翻译中的“动态平衡” ——对《孙子兵法》三个译本的功能批评

论文摘要

中华民族的传统文化是一个有着久远历史渊源的文化宝库。在这一宝库中,写于公元前6世纪的军事著作孙子兵法无疑是其中一颗特别而炫目的珍珠。本文以目的论为理论基础,在目的论的翻译标准“动态对等”和“功能合适”的基础上,提出了古典文学翻译中的“动态平衡”的概念和模型,着重体现翻译的最终目的是达到“平衡”,包括作者、译者和读者之间的平衡,源文本和目标文本的平衡,以及文本内和文本外的平衡,通过“翻译三角”模型,指出了它们相互之间的动态平衡关系,这种平衡的基础是以译者和读者目的为导向,同时也受当时的翻译环境所影响,不同时代的“平衡”标准由于各种影响因素的不同而不同。同时本文选用《孙子兵法》的三个最具影响力和代表性的英译本进行比较研究,试图从实践上应用“动态平衡”,研究三个译本中的“动态平衡”。三个译本从当时的角度来讲,都达到了“动态平衡”的标准,是成功之作。但是正是由于“平衡”所具有的“动态性”,所以该论文也提出了复译的必要性,没有完美的“最终译本”。由于“动态平衡”模型是作者第一次提出,本文只将是其用作分析《孙子兵法》三个译本,它在其他文学作品中的应用性还有待进一步论证。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
• 1.2 AIMS OF THE RESEARCH
• 1.3 METHODOLOGY
• CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 SKOPOSTHEORIE
• 2.1.1 Functional Approach and Skopostheorie
• 2.1.2 A Brief Introduction to Skopostheorie
• 2.1.3 Basic Concepts of Skopostheorie --- Intratextual Coherence and Intertextual Coherence
• 2.1.4 Translators and Readers
• 2.1.5 Criteria of Translation: from “Linguistic Equivalence”to “Functional Adequacy”
• 2.2 RESEARCH ON THE ART OF WAR AND SUN TZU
• 2.2.1 Sun Tzu
• 2.2.2 The Art of War
• 2.2.3 The Different English Versions of The Art of War
• 2.2.4 Influence and Studies in China and in the West
• 2.2.5 Studies on the Translation of The Art of War
• 2.3 RESEARCH ON TRANSLATION STRATEGIES OF ANCIENT CHINESE CLASSICS
• CHAPTER THREE DYNAMIC BALANCE
• 3.1 THE DEFINITION OF “DYNAMIC BALANCE”
• 3.2 THE MODEL OF “DYNAMIC BALANCE”
• 3.2.1 The Triangle Relationship of Translators, Author and Readers
• 3.2.2 Translational Situation
• 3.2.3 The Model of “Dynamic Balance”
• 3.2.4 How to Keep “Dynamic Balance”
• 3.3 “DYNAMIC BALANCE”, “LINGUISTIC EQUIVALENCE”AND “FUNCTIONAL ADEQUACY”
• 3.4 DYNAMICS AND STATIC, TRANSLATABILITY AND UNTRANSLATABILITY
• CHAPTER FOUR COMPARATIVE STUDY ON “DYNAMIC BALANCE” OF THE THREE ENGLISH VERSIONS OF THE ART OF WAR
• 4.1 THE REASONS FOR CHOOSING THE THREE ENGLISH VERSIONS OF THE ART OF WAR
• 4.2 THE DIFFICULTIES OF TRANSLATING THE ART OF WAR
• 4.3 SOME MAIN FACTORS DETERMINING “DYNAMIC BALANCE”IN THE ART OF WAR
• 4.3.1 “Dynamic Balance”of the Translators, Readers and Authors
• 4.3.2 “Dynamic Balance”of Source Text and Target Text.
• 4.3.3 “Dynamic Balance”of Textual or Extra-Textual Factors
• 4.4 DYNAMIC CRITERIA AND STRATEGIES
• CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION
• 5.1 MAJOR FINDINGS
• 5.2 LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• REFERENCES
• APPENDIX