英语新闻访谈中跨文化语用失误分析

论文摘要

英国语言学家詹尼·托马斯首次提出语用失误这一概念。托马斯认为语用失误是指“不能理解话语的含义”。在国内,何自然首先开始对跨文化语用失误展开研究。跨文化语用失误的研究对增加外语学习者的语言知识,提高他们的语用能力和跨文化交际能力都具有重要意义。人们通常认为为达到有效的交际和正确理解,交际者只掌握语言的形式规则是不够的,还需要懂得语言的使用规则,即语用规则和社会语用规约。对语用失误本质和成因的深入研究将使语言学习者更加意识到增加跨文化语用差异的敏感性的重要性,进而增强提高语用能力的紧迫感。本论文从七个部分对跨文化语用失误现象进行了全面地分析。在回顾了国内外语用失误研究有关的文献基础上,明确了对语用失误概念的界定,指出了跨文化语用失误研究存在的问题,采用对比分析的方法对跨文化语用失误从文化、认知、语境的角度进行了理论的研究,并将其运用到新闻访谈这一新的领域中,旨在利用大量的新闻访谈语料,对中国记者与外国访客之间的跨文化交流所需要注意的问题进行初步的探讨,从而实现英语新闻访谈中成功的对话,尽量避免新闻访谈中的跨文化语用失误现象,对跨文化新闻访谈研究起到借鉴之用。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Contents
• Introduction
• Chapter One Literature Review
• 1.1 The Foreign Situation of Research on Pragmatic Failure
• 1.2.The Domestic Situation of Research on Pragmatic Failure
• 1.3 English News Interview in Previous Study
• 1.4 The Open Object of This Thesis
• Chapter Two Theoretical Framework
• 2.1 The Research on Intercultural Theories
• 2.1.1 The Times Background of the Occurrence of Intercultural Research
• 2.1.2 The Application of Intercultural Pragmatic Principles
• 2.2 Searle's Speech Act Theory
• 2.3 Two Principles of Pragmatics
• 2.3.1 Grice's Cooperative Principle
• 2.3.2 G.Leech's Politeness Principle
• Chapter Three The Language and Construction Features of English News Interview
• 3.1 Language Features of English News Interview
• 3.2 The Micro-Construction of the English News Interview
• 3.2.1 The Features of Utterance Context of English News Interview
• 3.2.2 The Features of Situational Context in English News Interview
• Chapter Four Classification of Intercultural Pragmatic Failure and Its Cause in English News interview
• 4.1 The Definition of Intercultural Pragmatic Failure
• 4.1.1 The Definition of Pragmatic Failure
• 4.1.2 Pragmatic failure in Intercultural Communication
• 4.2 The Classification and Embodiment of Intercultural Pragmatic Failure
• 4.2.1 Pragmalinguistic Failure
• 4.2.2 Sociopragmatic Failure
• 4.3 The Causes of Intercultural Pragmatic Failure in English News Interview
• 4.3.1 Cultural Differences and Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.1.1 Differences of Territorial Environment
• 4.3.1.2 Differences of Cultural Value Conception
• 4.3.2 Cognitive Differences and Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.2.1 Cognitive Category and Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.2.2 Script and Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.3 Contextual Differences and Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.3.1 Objects of Communication and Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.3.2 Choice of Word Meaning and Pragmatic Failure
• Chapter Five Illustration of Intercultural Pragmatic Failures in English News Interview
• 5.1 The Chinese Interviewers' Pragmatic Failures on Speech Act
• 5.1.1 Utterance Act
• 5.1.2 Perlocutionary Act
• 5.1.3 Propositional Act
• 5.1.4 Illocutionary Act
• 5.2 The Sociopragmatic Failure between Chinese Interviewers and Foreign Interviewee
• 5.2.1 Addressing
• 5.2.2 Greeting
• 5.2.3 Thanking
• 5.2.4 Leave-taking
• 5.3 Data on the Rates of Making Pragmatic Failures
• Chapter Six Measures for Avoiding Intercultural Pragmatic Failures in English News Interview
• 6.1 Strengthening Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity
• 6.1.1 Introducing Cultural Acknowledgement
• 6.1.2 Applying Cultural Identification
• 6.2 Cultivating Pragmatic Competence
• 6.2.1 Applying the CP and PP in English News Interview
• 6.2.2 Exploring Intercultural Pragmatic Rules in News Interview
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements