随意言谈中“不合作”现象研究

论文摘要

本文借助合作原则和关联理论对人们生活中随意言谈的使用和理解进行分析，是合作原则和关联理论的应用性研究。作者首先利用P·格赖斯的会话含义理论对违反合作原则及其量、质、关联、方式四准则的语言现象进行举例分析，发现说话人的“不合作”行为目的在于引导听话人超越字面意义寻求深层次的隐含意义。然而在解释随意言谈违反质准则现象时，格赖斯理论没有给出明确答案。随意言谈的自身特点决定了说话人无法保证话语字面意义的真实性，并没有违反什么准则。针对这一情况，作者利用关联理论对随意言谈的特点进行探讨，获知它们产生的语境效果。根据比较分析推断出，人们在随意言谈中不需要刻意追求话语的真实性，交际双方真正追求的是话语和情境之间的最佳关联。同时，本文还从心理学角度与文化价值观两方面进行了分析，认为礼貌策略和社会习俗也有助于解读会话者的“不合作”现象。

论文目录

• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Loose Talk
• 1.1.1 Definition of Loose Talk
• 1.1.2 Loose Talk and Vague Language
• 1.2 Literature Review
• Chapter 2 Cooperative Principle and Relevance Theory
• 2.1 Cooperative Principle
• 2.1.1 Cooperative Principle and Maxims
• 2.1.2 Observing the Maxims
• 2.1.3 The Non-observance of the Maxims
• 2.2 Relevance Theory
• 2.2.1 Two Principles of Relevance
• 2.2.2 Cognitive Effects and Processing Effort
• 2.2.3 Optimal Relevance
• 2.3 Differences between CP and RT
• Chapter 3 The Non-observance of CP in Loose Talk
• 3.1 Flouting the CP Maxims
• 3.1.1 Flouting the Maxim of Quantity
• 3.1.2 Flouting the Maxim of Quality
• 3.1.3 Flouting the Maxim of Relation
• 3.1.4 Flouting the Maxim of Manner
• 3.2 Other Forms of Non-observance of CP
• 3.2.1 Quietly and Unostentatiously Violating a Maxim
• 3.2.2 Overtly Opting out of a Maxim
• 3.2.3 Coping with a Clash between Maxims
• 3.2.4 Infringing and Suspending a Maxim
• 3.3 RT as Rescuing CP in Loose Talk
• 3.3.1 Limitations of CP in Explaining Literally Untrue Utterances
• 3.3.2 The Avoidance of Defects of CP within the Framework of RT
• 3.3.3 Interlocutors' Expectations of Truthfulness, Approximate Truthfulness and Relevance
• Chapter 4 Further Analysis from Other Disciplines
• 4.1 Toward a Psychological Interpretation
• 4.2 On Different Cultural Values
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• Works Cited
• 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文和取得的科研成果