汉英习语对比研究及其在汉语习语翻译中的应用

论文摘要

习语,被视为语言的精华是语言和社会文化的重要组成部分。从习语的定义中,我们可以看出习语不仅仅是一种语言现象,更是一种文化现象。其中,后者对习语具有更加重大的意义。要学好习语,首先,不可避免的要进行英汉文化的学习,更不要说翻译了。本论文的目的就是进行英汉习语的对比研究以及汉语习语的英译。除了引论和结尾,论文划分为五章。首先,作者明确了英汉习语的定义。然后在第二章,对英汉习语的异同进行了对比分析,介绍了英汉习语在语源和运用修辞手法方面的异同。紧接着的第三章从文化角度对英汉习语进行对比分析,作者分别从不同的居住环境、不同的历史典故、不同的宗教信仰和不同的传统文化方面研究英汉习语的差异。这样,读者就可以更清楚地理解两种不同语言的习语。第四章对英汉习语的特征和分类进行了分析。最后一章关注于翻译理论的学习及其在汉语习语英译实践中的应用,介绍了诸如:直译、借用、意译、直译加意译、省略等多种翻译方法。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 内容摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter One Definition of Chinese & English Idioms
• 1.1 Definition of Chinese idiom
• 1.2 Definition of English idiom
• Chapter Two The Anatomy of Differences between Chinese & English Idioms
• 2.1 Differences in derivation between Chinese and English idioms
• 2.1.1 Newly created idiom
• 2.1.2 Inherited idiom
• 2.1.3 Borrowed idiom
• 2.2 Differences in rhetorical devices between Chinese and English idioms
• 2.2.1 Simile
• 2.2.2 Metaphor
• 2.2.3 Metonymy
• 2.2.4 Personification
• 2.2.5 Hyperbole
• Chapter Three Comparative Analysis of Chinese & English Idioms from the Perspective of Culture
• 3.1 Different living circumstances
• 3.1.1.Geographical environment
• 3.1.2.Climate
• 3.2.Different historical allusions
• 3.2.1.Historical events
• 3.2.2.Fables and mythologies
• 3.2.3.Literary works
• 3.3.Different religions and beliefs
• 3.4.Different traditions and customs
• 3.4.1.Food and cooking
• 3.4.2.Animals
• Chapter Four Characteristics and Classification of Chinese & English Idioms
• 4.1 Characteristics of Chinese & English idiom
• 4.1.1 Semantic unity
• 4.1.2 Fixed structure
• 4.1.3 Vivid images and rich metaphors
• 4.2 Classification of Chinese idiom
• 4.2.1 Set phrase
• 4.2.2 Common saying
• 4.2.3 Proverb
• 4.2.4 Two-part allegorical saying
• 4.3 Classification of English idiom
• 4.3.1 Idiomatic expression
• 4.3.2 Proverb
• 4.3.3 Slang
• Chapter Five Idiom Translation from Chinese into English
• 5.1 Definition of translation
• 5.2 Features of translation
• 5.3 Literal translation
• 5.3.1 Literal translation examples of set phrases
• 5.3.2 Literal translation examples of common sayings
• 5.3.3 Literal translation examples of proverbs
• 5.4 Replacement
• 5.4.1 Same or similar form and metaphor in both languages
• 5.4.2 No metaphor is used in both languages;while corresponding idiom is available
• 5.4.3 Literal translation is over-elaborate while synonymous idiom is available
• 5.5 Liberal translation
• 5.5.1 Two-part allegorical sayings' translation
• 5.5.2 Idiom that originated from historical events,fables,etc
• 5.5.3 Idiom with dim images
• 5.5.4 The literal translation is illogical or not explicable
• 5.5.5 Other cases
• 5.6 Combination of literal & liberal translation
• 5.7 Ellipsis
• 5.7.1 English tends to avoid repetition while Chinese seeks for symmetry
• 5.7.2 Translation of Chinese four-character antithetical phrases
• 5.7.3 Translation of repeated Chinese double-syllable phrases
• 5.8 Amplification
• 5.9 Annotation
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements