城市普通中学高中英语课堂互动研究

论文摘要

课堂互动是师生共同参与的面对面的人际交互活动,它特指教师与学生之间、学生与学生之间发生的互动作用的过程。课堂教学只有通过互动过程才能进行。成功地管理课堂互动是教学成功的关键。我国目前中学英语教学,尤其是城市普通中学高中(相对于重点中学高中来说的)英语课堂互动教学现状令人堪忧。究其原因很多,主要涉及到与英语教师本身、学生、英语学习环境及现行评价方法有关的因素。长期以来,我国中学英语教师大多受传统教学观念的影响,仍执行以教师和教材为中心的课堂教学方法,学生只是被动地接受知识。高中英语课堂教学效率低下,学生的各项技能得不到充分的发展和提高。如何改变这一局面,通过完善课堂互动来提高课堂教学效率成为当前英语教师亟待解决的问题。本研究旨在运用交际教学法理论、Long的互动理论,Swain的输出理论和Piaget的建构主义理论来指导和管理课堂互动,解决目前城市普通中学高中英语课堂互动中存在的问题,从而提高课堂教学效率。作者对长沙市两所城市普通中学高中的100名学生和20名教师进行问卷调查及课堂观察,并结合自身教学经历发现目前城市普通中学高中英语课堂存在问题受以下四个方面因素的影响:1)教师传统的教学观念、学术水平和课堂教学风格;2)学生的英语基础、学习动机和个性差异;3)非英语教学环境和大班教学;4)评价方法。针对所发现的问题,作者从教师、学生、英语学习环境和评价方法四方面,提出以下措施:1)改变角色、更新观念,建立民主、平等、和谐的师生关系,教师话语要与课堂互动有效结合;2)关注学生的个性差异,帮助学生克服语言焦虑,建立积极的同伴互动影响;3)创建积极、轻松的课堂互动氛围,组织合适的异质合作学习小组;4)采用合理的评价方法。为了验证以上措施的有效性,作者以岳麓外国语实验中学(原长沙市二十八中学)高二年级两个平行班共82名学生作为研究对象,通过前测、后测和问卷调查的方式了解其英语学习状况及课堂互动教学对其英语学习产生的影响。对实验班进行了为期一个学期的教学试验,实验后,用SPSS统计软件对数据进行统计分析,分析结果表明:实验班的前测和后测成绩有着明显的差别,控制班则变化不明显;调查亦发现实验班学生的英语学习状况较实验前有明显变化。课堂教学实验证实了运用以上策略来指导英语课堂互动教学能提高学生的综合语言运用技能和发展学生的非智力因素,有利于语言学习;本文所提出的措施能改善目前的英语学习环境,优化英语课堂互动现状,更好地促使学生积极有效地学习。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter One Literature Review
• 1.1 Interaction and English Classroom Interaction
• 1.1.1 Interaction
• 1.1.2 English Classroom Interaction
• 1.2 Current Studies on English Classroom Interaction
• 1.2.1 Current Studies on English Classroom Interaction Abroad
• 1.2.2 Current Studies on English Classroom Interaction at Home
• 1.3 Theoretical Bases for This Research
• 1.3.1 Widdowson's Communicative Approach Theory
• 1.3.2 Long' Interaction Theory
• 1.3.3 Swain's Output Theory
• 1.3.4 Piaget's Constructivism Theory
• Summary
• Chapter Two An Investigation on the Implementation of Interaction in Senior English Classrooms of Urban Ordinary High Schools （UOHS）
• 2.1 Description of an Investigation of Interaction in Senior English Classroom
• 2.1.1 Objectives
• 2.1.2 Participants
• 2.1.3 Instruments
• 2.1.4 Data Collection
• 2.1.5 Data Analysis
• 2.2 Problems of Interaction in Senior English Classrooms
• 2.2.1 Problems Related to English Teachers
• 2.2.2 Problems Related to Students
• 2.2.3 Problems Related to the Environment of English Learning
• 2.2.4 Problems Related to Evaluation Methods
• Summary
• Chapter Three The Hypothesized Measures to Solve the Problems
• 3.1 The Hypothesized Measures to Solve the Problems Related to English Teachers
• 3.1.1 Changing Teacher Role and Renewing Teaching Ideas
• 3.1.2 Creating Democratic Teacher-student Relationship
• 3.1.3 Combining Supportive Teacher Talk with Classroom Interaction
• 3.2 The Hypothesized Measures to Solve the Problems Related to the Students
• 3.2.1 Paying Attention to Students' Personalities
• 3.2.2 Overcoming Students1 Language Anxiety
• 3.2.3 Creating Positive Companion Interaction Influences
• 3.3 The Hypothesized Measures to Solve the Problems Related to the Environment of English Learning
• 3.3.1 Creating a Relaxing and Positive Classroom Interaction Atmosphere
• 3.3.2 Organizing Proper Heterogeneous Cooperative Learning Groups
• 3.4 The Hypothesized Measures to Solve the Problems Related to Evaluation Methods
• Summary
• Chapter Four The Experiment on the Implementation of Interaction in Senior English Classrooms
• 4.1 Description of the Experiment
• 4.1.1 Purpose
• 4.1.2 Subjects
• 4.1.3 Instruments
• 4.1.4 Data Collection and Analysis
• 4.2 Principal Patterns of Interaction Applied in the Experiment
• 4.2.1 Teacher-student Interaction
• 4.2.2 Student-student Interaction
• 4.2.3 Learner-content Interaction
• 4.3 Results and Analyses of the Experiment
• 4.3.1 Promoting Students' Overall Language Abilities
• 4.3.2 Developing Students' Non-linguistic Competence
• 4.4 Pedagogical Implications
• 4.4.1 Paying Attention to the Three Relationships
• 4.4.2 Making All the Students Involved
• 4.4.3 Integrating the Three-stage Activities
• Summary
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Appendixes
• Appendix Ⅰ The Table for Evaluating Classroom Teaching
• Appendix Ⅱ Pre-experiment Questionnaire on the Current Situation of Senior English Classroom Interaction for English Teachers
• Appendix Ⅲ Pre-experiment Questionnaire on the Current Situation of Senior Students' English Study for Senior Students
• Appendix Ⅳ Post-experiment Questionnaire on the Current Situation of Senior Students' English Study for Senior Students
• Appendix Ⅴ Pre-test Paper
• Appendix Ⅵ Post-test Paper
• Appendix Ⅶ The Scores of the Experimental and Controlled Class Students in Pretest and Posttest
• Appendix Ⅷ Comparison of the Original Statistic Results of the Experimental Class and the Controlled Class
• Acknowledgements