论文摘要
长期以来,情态一直是哲学、逻辑学和语言学的研究焦点。情态被认为是语言与思维的基本范畴之一。就语言学领域而言,语言学家从不同的研究视角,比如语义学、转换生成语法、语用学、系统功能语言学等,剖析解释并丰富了情态的研究。但是纵观这些研究,由于学者们研究方法不一,对于情态的研究没有形成一个系统的分析模式,从而无法解答情态的本质,并且情态的概念仍然比较模糊。本文以耶夫·维索尔论(1999,2000)的顺应理论为框架。该理论认为语言的使用是不断进行选择、顺应的过程;并主张从综观的角度,即语言的、社会文化的、认知的视角对语言的使用进行理解和阐释。本文旨在顺应理论框架的指导下,从该理论的变异性、商讨性和顺应性这三个基本概念出发,阐释了在交际过程中,交际者为了实现自己的交际目的,在具有高度灵活性的原则和策略的指导下,从一系列的英语情态动词中选出特定的情态动词以表达自己不同程度的观点和态度。本文的核心是分析情态动词的产生和使用对语言、社会文化、心智因素的顺应。首先,情态动词的使用在否定和时态方面实现了对语言规则的顺应,而这一顺应正是由纯粹的语言因素引起的;其次,情态动词的使用本身就是一种交际策略,在交际过程中要顺应社会文化中的礼貌因素以及交际者的社会地位和职位;最后,情态动词的使用折射出交际者不同的心理动机和情感,从而实现了心智的顺应。论文通过分析交际过程中使用情态动词对以上三方面因素的顺应,论证了英语情态动词在交际过程中的使用是不断做出选择和顺应的动态过程。本文从顺应理论的角度探讨情态这一普遍但又十分复杂的语言学课题,对英语情态动词的使用做出新的诠释,具有一定的理论意义。所建立的理论框架和情态顺应模式能更好地揭示情态动词使用的实质,并且对在其他语言文化中的情态研究有所启示。
论文目录
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