寓言叙事话语的宏观结构与语篇隐喻阐释

寓言叙事话语的宏观结构与语篇隐喻阐释

论文摘要

寓言是文学体裁的一种,利用人们普遍知晓的某些生活现象,往往通过一个具体形象的小故事表达某种抽象的道德教诲、社会责任或政治真理。寓言作为人们生活智慧的结晶,目的在于形象地反映人们生活方方面面的种种现象给人的启示和教训。寓言不仅热情地赞扬和歌颂真、善、美,而且深恶痛绝地讽刺和揭露伪、恶、丑。自古以来,寓言就不断地教育着一代又一代的人们,特别是儿童。寓言主动揭示人们的行为动机,以改善人们的行为作为宏伟目标。寓言简短精练,借助虚构的人物特征,如动物、鸟类、树木等的行为和对话表达抽象哲理。尽管教导者没有出现,读者也能感知故事传达的教诲(Townsend,2004)。单从字面意思难以理解寓言的深刻含义。寓言与隐喻密切相关,寓言中寓意产生的基本条件是故事本身与语境之间发生了语义冲突,产生的基础是相似性。借助这种相似性,寓意的产生是由一个概念认知模型向另一个概念认知模型映射的结果。在寓言宏观隐喻的框架下,读者都能得出相同的理解。寓言的隐喻不是就某一个词、某一个短语或某一个句子而言,也不只限于一个形象,而是覆盖整篇寓言。所以它是一种扩展式隐喻,是语篇隐喻。在理解寓言的过程中,语义宏观结构发挥着必不可少的作用。从一个概念认知模型向另一个概念认知模型映射的过程要借助宏观结构,因为寓言是语篇隐喻,寓意本身也是其语义宏观结构的表征。宏观结构在寓言的理解和建构的过程中都发挥着极其重要的作用。因此,本文的重点是通过借助宏观结构和语篇隐喻两大理论解析寓言这种特殊隐喻的语篇结构。希望它能对寓言的创作和教育功能有帮助。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Background of Fable
  • 1.2 Purpose and Significance
  • 1.3 Data Collection and Methodology
  • 1.4 The Organization of this thesis
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 On Narrative Discourse by Action
  • 2.1.1 The Structure of Action
  • 2.1.2 Action Description
  • 2.1.3 The Structure and Function of Narratives
  • 2.1.4 The Structure and Function of Artificial Narratives
  • 2.2 Fable in Cognitive Approach
  • Chapter 3 Fables and van Dijk’s Macrostructure
  • 3.1 The Cognitive Processing of Discourse
  • 3.2 Van Dijk’s Macrostructure
  • 3.2.1 Macro-rules from microstructure to macrostructure
  • 3.2.2 Summary of Fables by Macro-rules
  • 3.3 Summarizing Rules of Narrative Discourse
  • 3.4 Summary of Fables by Summarizing Rules and Macro-rules
  • Chapter 4 Fables and Textual Metaphor
  • 4.1 Conceptual Metaphor
  • 4.2 Fable as One Kind of Textual Metaphor
  • Chapter 5 The Framework of One theme in Fables
  • 5.1 Data Analysis
  • 5.2 The table of the framework in Fable
  • Chapter 6 Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix
  • Acknowledgements
  • 在读期间公开发表论文(著)及科研情况
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    寓言叙事话语的宏观结构与语篇隐喻阐释
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