因果模式在英语阅读中的应用 ——在金昌市三中的实验性研究

因果模式在英语阅读中的应用 ——在金昌市三中的实验性研究

论文摘要

传统阅读课教学以词汇为核心,注意语法讲解。随着新课程标准的颁布实施,要求注重学生实际能力的培养,怎样提高学生的阅读能力变的更加重要。 学习一门语言主要的目的就是阅读。长期以来,英语的阅读研究一直是研究的热门之一。过去的研究者注重传统阅读过程、图标理论和互动理论的研究。但是研究者忽视了:为什么阅读者的阅读成绩高与低的原因的研究。而Carver的因果模式(the causal model)就为这方面的研究提供了理论框架。根据Carver的因果模式(the causal model)理论,认为读者由于不同的阅读目的,读者可以采用五种不同的过程(或五个阶段),即:memorizing(记忆),learning(学习),rauding(读听),skimming(浏览),scanning(细读),其中读听过程(rauding process)是重点。Carver认为,所有的阅读者都能成功运用阅读机制,因果模式的因素分为四个阶梯,即:阅读效度(efficiency level);阅读精度(accuracy level)和阅读速度(rate level);听力水平(verbal level)、拼读水平(pronunciation level)和认知水平(cognitive level);教(teaching)、学(learning)、年龄(age)和能力(aptitude);导致阅读水平高低的直接因素为阅读者的阅读精度和阅读速度;而阅读精度是由听力水平(verbal level)和拼读水平(pronunciation level)决定的;阅读速度是由拼读水平(pronunciation level)和认知水平(cognitivelevel)决定的;其中拼读水平(pronunciation level)是因果模式的核心。因果模式的最终目的在于研究在一年里最大限度的促进学生英语阅读效度、即阅读水平的提高。 本研究在因果模式理论框架下,研究英语作为外语的学习中导致阅读水平差异的因素。同时也检验因果模式是否适用于以英语为外语的初中学生。在该研究中,金昌市三中初一年级两个班的八十名同学被选为研究对象,并对其进行了阅读测试,准确度测试,速度测试,听力测试,拼读测试等一系列测试,调查是否阅读准确度,阅读速度,听力水平,拼读水平对阅读水平有影响。 在调查过程中,本研究采用定量研究分析方法,并在相关理论指导下,对调查结果,数据的统计结果,相关系数运用社会科学统计方法进行了科学的分析和论证。研究结果说明:(1)听力水平是导致阅读精度高低的原因之一。(2)拼读水平是导致阅读精度高低的另一个原因。(3)阅读精度是导致阅读高低的直接原因。(4)阅读速度是另一个导致阅读水平高低的直接原因。(5)因果模式理论能用来提高学生的英语阅读水平。

论文目录

  • 独创性声明
  • Abstract
  • 中文摘要
  • List of Figures and Tables
  • List of Abbreviation
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 The importance of reading
  • 1.2 Theories in second or foreign language reading comprehension
  • 1.3 Significance of the study
  • 2. Relationship between First and Second or Foreign Language
  • 2.1 Relationship between L1 aquisition and L2 learning
  • 2.2 Relationship between reading in L1 and in L2
  • 3. Literature Review
  • 3.1 Traditional perspectives in both first and second or foreign language reading
  • 3.2 The psycholinguistic perspectives in both first and second or foreign language reading
  • 3.3 Cognitive perspectives in both first and second or foreign language reading
  • 3.3.1 The schema reading theory
  • 3.3.2 The interactive perspectives
  • 3.4 Studies on the causal model
  • 3.4.1 The causal model by Carver
  • 3.4.2 Other researches on the causal model
  • 4. Present Study
  • 4.1 Rationale of the study
  • 4.1.1 Reading as multiple process
  • 4.1.2 Rauding, rauding process and the rauding theory
  • 4.1.3 The causal model in four echelons
  • 4.2 Research hypotheses
  • 4.3 Research design
  • 4.3.1 Subjects of the study
  • 4.3.2 Instruments
  • 4.3.3 Procedures
  • 4.4 Data collection and analysis
  • 4.5 Discussion
  • 4.5.1 Evaluation of rauding efficiency level test and accuracy level test
  • 4.5.1.1 Evaluation of rauding efficiency level test
  • 4.5.1.2 Evaluation of the accuracy level test
  • 4.5.2 Evaluation on correlation between Verbal knowledge Level(Vl) and Accuracy Level(Al)
  • 4.5.3 Evaluation on correlation between Pl and Al
  • 4.5.4 Evaluation on the correlation between Rl and Pl
  • 4.5.5 Evaluation on the correlation between Rl and El
  • 4.5.6 Evaluation on the correlation between EL and AL
  • 5. Conclusion
  • 5.1 Principal findings of the study
  • 5.2 Educational implications for EFL reading class
  • 5.3 Limitations of the research
  • 5.4 Suggestions for further study
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix Ⅰ: Reading Efficiency Level
  • Appendix Ⅱ: Rauding Accuracy Level Test
  • Appendix Ⅲ: Rate Level Test
  • Appendix Ⅳ: Pronunciation Level Test
  • Appendix Ⅴ: Verbal Level Test
  • Acknowledgements
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    因果模式在英语阅读中的应用 ——在金昌市三中的实验性研究
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