本文主要研究内容
作者陈晓（2019）在《复杂流动中典型赤潮藻聚集的水动力机制研究》一文中研究指出：赤潮引发的水环境污染和水生态损害问题日益突出。水动力在藻类的迁移、分布和聚集过程中起到重要作用,明确复杂流动中典型赤潮藻迁移、聚集的水动力影响机制对认识和预测赤潮的发生发展过程具有重要意义。本文研究了静水及三维涡量场中典型赤潮藻的自主游动特性;构建了定量描述典型赤潮藻迁移、聚集的数学模型,模拟了典型赤潮藻在复杂流动中的运动轨迹及空间分布;揭示了复杂流动中典型赤潮藻聚集的水动力机制,从水动力学角度解释了大亚湾不同区域、不同风向、不同风速下赤潮暴发现象,可为赤潮等生态灾害的预测和防控提供重要科学依据与技术支撑。论文取得的主要成果如下:(1)系统研究了典型赤潮藻的自主游动特性。采用激光诱导荧光技术测量了静水环境中赤潮异弯藻的游动轨迹,获取了藻细胞的游动速率及游动方向的概率分布,给出了藻细胞的重定位时间B和旋转扩散系数Dr。结果表明赤潮异弯藻在水平方向上的游动为各向同性,水平游动速度呈高斯分布;在竖直方向偏好向上,平均垂向游动速度约为105 μm/s;赤潮异弯藻总平均游动速度约为144 μm/s,重定位时间B为5.6 s,旋转扩散系数Dr.为0.046 rad2/s。(2)研究了三维祸量场中典型赤潮藻的游动方向与扩散特性。利用Fokker-Planck模型建立赤潮异弯藻游动速度及平移扩散张量与水流涡量之间的对应关系,揭示了三维涡量场中典型赤潮藻的游动特性。结果表明水平涡量较小时,藻细胞具有显著的定向游动能力,藻细胞平移扩散展现出明显的各向异性。随着涡量值的增大,藻细胞定向游动能力减弱,平移扩散趋于各向同性。垂向涡量可减缓藻细胞垂向速度趋近于零的过程,使得藻细胞在较大水平涡量作用下也能保持一定的游动速度,不易被致旋捕获。(3)研究了复杂流动中典型赤潮藻浓度分布的特征与规律。采用PIV和PLIF方法研究了射流流场和赤潮异弯藻浓度分布,首次在实验中发现复杂流动中典型赤潮藻的团状聚集现象,与二维流动中浮游植物薄层的现象有明显区别。通过活藻细胞和死藻细胞的对比实验发现两种藻细胞在实验中分布存在明显差异:失去活性的藻细胞在整个流动中无聚集现象;活藻细胞受到“涡量捕获”的作用,在射流喷口两侧呈对称团状聚集,表明藻细胞自身游动对其聚集分布具有重要作用。(4)建立了复杂流动中典型赤潮藻迁移的活性粒子模型。研发了可考虑藻细胞游动随机性与定向性的活性粒子模型,模拟了赤潮异弯藻在射流中的运动轨迹及浓度分布。数值模拟结果与实验符合较好,数学模型可以较好地模拟涡流区藻类的团状聚集现象。(5)深入研究了大亚湾赤潮暴发的水动力机制。通过实测资料和有关文献分析,明确了风向和风速是引发大亚湾赤潮暴发的关键因素。研究了风对大亚湾海域流态特征及其对赤潮藻垂向分布的影响,较好地解释了不同区域、不同风向和不同风速下赤潮暴发现象。
Abstract
chi chao yin fa de shui huan jing wu ran he shui sheng tai sun hai wen ti ri yi tu chu 。shui dong li zai zao lei de qian yi 、fen bu he ju ji guo cheng zhong qi dao chong yao zuo yong ,ming que fu za liu dong zhong dian xing chi chao zao qian yi 、ju ji de shui dong li ying xiang ji zhi dui ren shi he yu ce chi chao de fa sheng fa zhan guo cheng ju you chong yao yi yi 。ben wen yan jiu le jing shui ji san wei guo liang chang zhong dian xing chi chao zao de zi zhu you dong te xing ;gou jian le ding liang miao shu dian xing chi chao zao qian yi 、ju ji de shu xue mo xing ,mo ni le dian xing chi chao zao zai fu za liu dong zhong de yun dong gui ji ji kong jian fen bu ;jie shi le fu za liu dong zhong dian xing chi chao zao ju ji de shui dong li ji zhi ,cong shui dong li xue jiao du jie shi le da ya wan bu tong ou yu 、bu tong feng xiang 、bu tong feng su xia chi chao bao fa xian xiang ,ke wei chi chao deng sheng tai zai hai de yu ce he fang kong di gong chong yao ke xue yi ju yu ji shu zhi cheng 。lun wen qu de de zhu yao cheng guo ru xia :(1)ji tong yan jiu le dian xing chi chao zao de zi zhu you dong te xing 。cai yong ji guang you dao ying guang ji shu ce liang le jing shui huan jing zhong chi chao yi wan zao de you dong gui ji ,huo qu le zao xi bao de you dong su lv ji you dong fang xiang de gai lv fen bu ,gei chu le zao xi bao de chong ding wei shi jian Bhe xuan zhuai kuo san ji shu Dr。jie guo biao ming chi chao yi wan zao zai shui ping fang xiang shang de you dong wei ge xiang tong xing ,shui ping you dong su du cheng gao si fen bu ;zai shu zhi fang xiang pian hao xiang shang ,ping jun chui xiang you dong su du yao wei 105 μm/s;chi chao yi wan zao zong ping jun you dong su du yao wei 144 μm/s,chong ding wei shi jian Bwei 5.6 s,xuan zhuai kuo san ji shu Dr.wei 0.046 rad2/s。(2)yan jiu le san wei huo liang chang zhong dian xing chi chao zao de you dong fang xiang yu kuo san te xing 。li yong Fokker-Planckmo xing jian li chi chao yi wan zao you dong su du ji ping yi kuo san zhang liang yu shui liu guo liang zhi jian de dui ying guan ji ,jie shi le san wei guo liang chang zhong dian xing chi chao zao de you dong te xing 。jie guo biao ming shui ping guo liang jiao xiao shi ,zao xi bao ju you xian zhe de ding xiang you dong neng li ,zao xi bao ping yi kuo san zhan xian chu ming xian de ge xiang yi xing 。sui zhao guo liang zhi de zeng da ,zao xi bao ding xiang you dong neng li jian ruo ,ping yi kuo san qu yu ge xiang tong xing 。chui xiang guo liang ke jian huan zao xi bao chui xiang su du qu jin yu ling de guo cheng ,shi de zao xi bao zai jiao da shui ping guo liang zuo yong xia ye neng bao chi yi ding de you dong su du ,bu yi bei zhi xuan bu huo 。(3)yan jiu le fu za liu dong zhong dian xing chi chao zao nong du fen bu de te zheng yu gui lv 。cai yong PIVhe PLIFfang fa yan jiu le she liu liu chang he chi chao yi wan zao nong du fen bu ,shou ci zai shi yan zhong fa xian fu za liu dong zhong dian xing chi chao zao de tuan zhuang ju ji xian xiang ,yu er wei liu dong zhong fu you zhi wu bao ceng de xian xiang you ming xian ou bie 。tong guo huo zao xi bao he si zao xi bao de dui bi shi yan fa xian liang chong zao xi bao zai shi yan zhong fen bu cun zai ming xian cha yi :shi qu huo xing de zao xi bao zai zheng ge liu dong zhong mo ju ji xian xiang ;huo zao xi bao shou dao “guo liang bu huo ”de zuo yong ,zai she liu pen kou liang ce cheng dui chen tuan zhuang ju ji ,biao ming zao xi bao zi shen you dong dui ji ju ji fen bu ju you chong yao zuo yong 。(4)jian li le fu za liu dong zhong dian xing chi chao zao qian yi de huo xing li zi mo xing 。yan fa le ke kao lv zao xi bao you dong sui ji xing yu ding xiang xing de huo xing li zi mo xing ,mo ni le chi chao yi wan zao zai she liu zhong de yun dong gui ji ji nong du fen bu 。shu zhi mo ni jie guo yu shi yan fu ge jiao hao ,shu xue mo xing ke yi jiao hao de mo ni guo liu ou zao lei de tuan zhuang ju ji xian xiang 。(5)shen ru yan jiu le da ya wan chi chao bao fa de shui dong li ji zhi 。tong guo shi ce zi liao he you guan wen suo fen xi ,ming que le feng xiang he feng su shi yin fa da ya wan chi chao bao fa de guan jian yin su 。yan jiu le feng dui da ya wan hai yu liu tai te zheng ji ji dui chi chao zao chui xiang fen bu de ying xiang ,jiao hao de jie shi le bu tong ou yu 、bu tong feng xiang he bu tong feng su xia chi chao bao fa xian xiang 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中国水利水电科学研究院的陈晓，发表于刊物中国水利水电科学研究院2019-08-05论文，是一篇关于赤潮藻论文,复杂流动论文,风生流论文,聚集论文,涡量论文,重力致旋性论文,中国水利水电科学研究院2019-08-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国水利水电科学研究院2019-08-05论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：赤潮藻论文; 复杂流动论文; 风生流论文; 聚集论文; 涡量论文; 重力致旋性论文; 中国水利水电科学研究院2019-08-05论文;