论文摘要
圆射流和平面射流是两类经常能够见到的简单射流形式,而椭圆射流则是介于前两者之间的一类射流。尽管只有喷口几何形状上存在差异(主次轴不同),却使得椭圆射流问题变得更加复杂。对椭圆射流的细致研究拓展了人们对射流问题的认识,尤其是射流中相干结构的认识。在燃烧和推力系统设计中,椭圆射流已经是一种常用的形式。而在环境工程中,椭圆射流也正在成为一种被广泛采用的能够迅速提高污水稀释效果的被动排放形式。 本研究主要探讨同向流动(coflowing)环境中,具有不同射流比(velocity ratio)和喷口高宽比(aspect ratio—AR)的椭圆射流掺混特性。采用激光诱导荧光技术(laserinduced fluorescence—LIF)和“可实现”(realizable)k-ε模型,通过实验的和数值的方法对同向流动环境中的椭圆射流进行了系统研究。 采用LIF技术对同向流动环境中的射流标量浓度场进行了可视化和定量化,使用同向流动环境中的圆射流特性作为实验系统运行可靠性的验证依据。研究了射流场中心线稀释度,射流扩展宽度,下游不同断面上的时均浓度和紊动统计量分布。相对于圆射流,采用了具有中等和较高高宽比(AR=3,6和10)的椭圆喷口。 研究结果表明,当出口超值动量相同时,相比于圆射流,椭圆射流具有更好的掺混稀释效果。同时实验也揭示了轴变换现象,表现为随着射流的发展,射流的主次轴位置发生改变,并由椭圆截面形状逐步发展为圆截面。对不同速度比下的时均量和紊动量做了细致的研究,当x/D≥1,主次轴平面内的浓度分布可以用Gaussian分布很好地近似,而紊动强度断面分布则呈现了类似的双峰形状。 以前的绝大多数研究主要是射流混合特性的实验研究,本研究的另外一个主要目标是建立同向流动环境中椭圆射流的数值模型,并对比了数值预测与实验结果,前者得到了后者有力的支持。更进一步,通过数值模型,得到了浓度半宽与速度半宽的的比率λ(λ=bgc/bg),λ取值为1.18。
论文目录
ABSTRACT (ENGLISH)ABSTRACT (CHINESE)DEDICATIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTTABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF FIGURES AND TABLESLIST OF SYMBOLSCHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION1.1 Background1.2 Scope of Present InvestigationCHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Theory of Turbulent Jets and Plumes2.1.1 Gaussian Profile2.2 Dimensional Analysis2.2.1 Jet and Ambient flow Variables2.2.2 Length Scale Associated with The Independent Variables2.2.3 Centerline Dilution2.3 Two and three dimensional jet flow2.4 Previous Investigations on Elliptical jets2.4.1 Elliptical nozzles2.4.2 Enhanced jet mixing2.4.3 Axis Switching, Mass entrainment and Vortex induction of elliptic jet2.4.3.1 Axis Switching and Mass Entrainment2.4.3.2 Vortex Induction2.4.4 Velocity Field of Elliptic Jet2.4.5 Elliptical Jet Instability2.4.6 Coherent Structure Pairing of Elliptic JetCHAPTER 3. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ELLIPTICAL JET3.1 The theory of flow visualization3.2 LIF experimental setup and apparatus3.2.1 General Flow Setup3.2.1.1 Flume3.2.1.2 Jet Discharge system3.2.2 Flow visualization and recording system Tracer3.2.2.1 Tracer3.2.2.2 Video Recording System3.2.2.3 Other Laboratory apparatus3.3 Experimental Procedure3.3.1 Linearity of the imaging system3.3.2 Calibration of LIF image3.3.3 Circular Jet in Coflow3.3.4 Elliptical jet in coflow3.4 Concentration conversion3.5 ConclusionCHAPTER 4. ELLIPTICAL JET EXPERIMENTAL STUDY RESULTSPART 1: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS4.1 Validation of LIF System4.2 Experimental conditions4.3 Experiment investigation finding4.3.1 Mean Concentration profile4.3.2 Turbulence Characteristics profile4.3.2.1 R.M.S Concentration fluctuation profile4.3.3 Centerline Dilution of Elliptical Jet4.3.3.1 Centerline concentration decay of coflowing jet by dimensional analysis4.3.3.2 Centerline Dilution with the Same Momentum Flux4.3.3.3 Centerline Dilution with the same Velocity ratio R4.3.4 Concentration half-width and axis switching4.3.5 Centerline Concentration decayPART 2: NUMERICAL MODEL AND RESULTS4.4 Introduction4.4.1 k-ε Model Overview4.5 Numerical predictions Conditions4.6 Comparison of numerical and experimental results4.7 Summary remarksCHAPTER 5. CONCLUSIONS5.1 Summary of the Previous Work5.2 Suggestion for the Future WorkREFERENCESPUBLICATIONS
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标签:椭圆射流论文; 同向流动论文; 技术论文; 掺混特性论文; 数值模拟论文;