论文摘要
本文通过化学氧化法以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,盐酸、十二烷基苯磺酸、磺基水杨酸分别为掺杂酸,合成了掺杂态聚苯胺。通过红外光谱分析、X射线衍射分析、热重分析等手段研究了掺杂酸种类、氧化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度等因素对聚苯胺结构与性能的影响。采用原位包覆法制备了聚苯胺包覆二氧化硅的聚苯胺一二氧化硅(PANI-SiO2)复合材料。在酸性条件下,聚苯胺首先吸附在SiO2表面进行反应;XRD分析表明,当mANI:mSiO2=9:5时,PANI-SiO2复合材料的结晶性最好;FT-IR结果显示聚苯胺和二氧化硅间存在化学键合作用;热失重结果显示初始分解温度为270℃。在此基础上,以环氧树脂E-44为成膜物质,C-4固化剂,PANI-SiO2复合材料为有效成分,制备了PANI-SiO2/环氧树脂复合涂层,筛选了最佳涂料配方。当涂料的各组份质量配比为:E-44:C-4:PANI-SiO2=100:40:2时,涂料的附着力、硬度、吸水性等综合表现最佳。利用电化学阻抗谱、开路电位、极化曲线等对涂层在马口铁、镁锂合金表面的防腐蚀性能进行了研究。研究结果表明,聚苯胺防腐涂料具有良好的综合防腐性能,在3.0%NaCl溶液的浸泡过程中,它对两种金属具有良好的屏蔽作用,在马口铁片、镁锂合金表面表现出很好的防腐蚀作用。开路电位测试表明涂层能对两种金属起到阳极保护作用;涂层阻抗分析表明涂层阻抗始终在106Ω·cm-1以上,极化曲线表明自腐蚀电流减小了6个数量级,与环氧涂层相比,PANI-SiO2复合材料的加入,具有明显的防腐加强作用。建立了PANI-SiO2的防腐模型,认为PANI-SiO2/环氧树脂防腐涂料防腐蚀过程是涂层的屏蔽作用、缓蚀作用和阳极保护作用对金属基体共同保护的结果。
论文目录
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