A Study of the Comprehension Procedure of Humor in Mark Twain’s Works from the Perspective of the Relevance Theory

A Study of the Comprehension Procedure of Humor in Mark Twain’s Works from the Perspective of the Relevance Theory

论文摘要

马克·吐温是美国文学史上一位伟大的幽默作家,他的作品得到了来自世界各地的关注与评价,他的语言被认为是独特的、口语化的,并且充满了幽默的元素。但是人们很少关注他的小说为什么是幽默的这个问题。因此,这篇论文试图从一个全新的角度—关联理论—去阐释马克·吐温短篇小说中的幽默理解机制。第一章是引言,介绍了整个研究的目的、意义、研究问题和分析方法。第二章是文献综述,分别介绍了马克·吐温、三种幽默传统理论和关联理论,同时也包括一些前人在关联理论基础上对幽默理解所做的研究。第三章和第四章是本论文的主体,主要是应用关联理论分析阐释马克·吐温的幽默。在第三章里,首先讨论了关联理论与传统幽默理论之一“乖讹理论”的关系,指出“乖讹”其实就是最大关联与最佳关联之间的不协调,所以,“乖讹”这个概念可以被融入关联理论之中。因此,寻找幽默的过程就变成了在最大和最佳关联之间寻找不协调,即“乖讹”。其次,以关联理论为基础的幽默理解由以下两个方面得来:语境和认知环境,从而总结出幽默理解的过程和幽默理解的公式,在第四章分析幽默例子时,证实了此公式的正确性。在第四章中,从马克·吐温小说中提取的数据被分为两大类:修辞幽默与语境幽默。在修辞幽默中分出七小类,分别是比喻、讽刺、拟人、夸张、低调、排比和借代。语境幽默中有两类,语境假设和认知环境。第三章中总结的公式在这里被证明全部有效。因此得到结论:在最大和最佳关联中寻找和解决不协调因素是理解马克·吐温幽默的关键。第五章是结束部分,列举了本文的主要贡献和局限性,并提出对深入研究的建议。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 OBJECT OF THE RESEARCH
  • 1.2 RATIONALE AND SIGNIFICANCE
  • 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND METHODS
  • 1.4 ORGANIZATION OF THE THESIS
  • CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
  • 2.1 INTRODUCTION TO MARK TWAIN
  • 2.1.1 Features of Mark Twain’s Works
  • 2.1.2 Influence of Mark Twain on American Literature
  • 2.1.3 Stages of Twain’s Works and Changes of His Features
  • 2.2 GENERAL HUMOR THEORIES
  • 2.2.1 Definition of Humor
  • 2.2.2 Theories of Humor
  • 2.3 LINGUISTIC HUMOR
  • 2.4 PREVIOUS CLASSIFICATIONS OF HUMOR
  • 2.5 RELEVANCE THEORY
  • 2.5.1 Ostensive-Inferential Communication
  • 2.5.2 A Definition of Relevance
  • 2.5.3 Two Principles of Relevance
  • 2.5.4 Criterion of Consistency with the Principle of Relevance
  • 2.5.5 Studies of Relevance Theory in China
  • 2.6 SUMMARY
  • CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION ABOUT THE COMPREHENSION PROCEDURE OF MARK TWAIN’S HUMOR
  • 3.1 INTEGRATION OF RELEVANCE THEORY AND INCONGRUITY THEORY
  • 3.2 RELEVANCE-THEORETIC COMPREHENSION OF MARK TWAIN’S HUMOR
  • 3.2.1 Dynamic View of Context
  • 3.2.2 Interpretation of Humor within the Cognitive Environment
  • 3.2.3 Communicative Intention
  • 3.3 INTERPRETING PROCEDURE OF MARK TWAIN’S HUMOR
  • 3.3.1 Relevance –theoretic Interpreting Procedure of Humor
  • 3.3.2 Formula of Humor Interpreting
  • CHAPTER 4 CASE ANALYSIS OF HUMOR IN MARK TWAIN’S WORKS
  • 4.1 CLASSIFICATION AND DATA COLLECTION
  • 4.2 COMPREHENSION OF MARK TWAIN’S HUMOR CREATED BY RHETORICAL DEVICES
  • 4.2.1 Simile
  • 4.2.2 Irony
  • 4.2.3 Personification
  • 4.2.4 Hyperbole
  • 4.2.5 Understatement
  • 4.2.6 Parallelism
  • 4.2.7 Metonymy
  • 4.3 COMPREHENSION OF MARK TWAIN’S HUMOR CREATED BY RELEVANT CONTEXTS
  • 4.3.1 Contextual assumptions
  • 4.3.2 Cognitive environment
  • 4.4 MAIN OBSTACLE IN HUMOR COMPREHENSION
  • 4.5 SUMMARY
  • CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION
  • 5.1 CONTRIBUTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
  • 5.2 LIMITATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • 攻硕期间取得的研究成果
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    A Study of the Comprehension Procedure of Humor in Mark Twain’s Works from the Perspective of the Relevance Theory
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