论文摘要
自亚里士多德时期起,传统研究一直把转喻看作是一种文学修辞手段,然而,现代语言学家经过更深入的研究,发现转喻是一种认知机制。Langacker (1993)认为转喻的实质在于在心理上通过一个概念实体去把握另一个概念实体。基于这种认识,认知语言学家们达成了一个学界广泛接受的共识:转喻是在同一个“理想化认知模型”(ICM)内用一个概念实体作为工具(vehicle),为另一个代表认知目标(target)的概念实体提供心理途径(mental access)的认知过程(Lakoff,1987)。本文以现代语言学理论为基础,研究了转喻现象以及其运作机制。作者首先阐明了作为人类基本认知和思维方式的转喻具有概念本质,同时分析了转喻和隐喻的关系。尽管在亚氏的理论中,曾把转喻纳入隐喻的范畴,但是随着语言学的发展,认知理论的介入,作者认为转喻与隐喻的关系远比包含与被包含更为复杂,二者存在差异,相互作用,共同构成人类基本的认知方式。本文在对转喻的本质做出阐释并归纳出其特点的同时,还详细介绍了广为学界认可的转喻定义以及分类方式,在现有研究成果基础上给出自己的见解,以求对转喻这一认知现象的研究现状做一个概括。在文章的重点部分——第四章,作者尝试着借助一些经典的语言学理论,如言语行为理论、理想化认知模型、完形理论、以及概念整合理论等来解释转喻的运作机制。总之,转喻的本质是概念性的,它不仅是日常普遍的语言现象,更是人类的一种基本思维方式。文中阐释的转喻的认知功能,语用功能,语义功能等都进一步证明了转喻是人类认识世界和对世界概念化的有力工具。
论文目录
摘要ABSTRACTChapter One Introduction1.1 Orientation of the Title1.2 Motivations of the Study1.3 Methodology1.4 The Aims and Hypotheses of the Present Study1.5 Layout and Scope of the StudyChapter Two Literature Review2.1 Foreign Research on Metonymy2.1.1 Historical Preamble2.1.2 Metonymy in Traditional Rhetoric2.1.3 Metonymy in Modern Linguistics2.2 Research on Metonymy in ChinaChapter Three Theoretic Background3.1 Cognitive Theories3.1.1 Langacker’s Reference Point and Prototype Theory3.1.2 Perspective Salience3.1.3 Gestalt Theory3.1.4 Idealized Cognitive Modes (ICMs)3.1.5 Conceptual Integration Theory3.1.6 Summary3.2 Pragmatic Theories3.2.1 Speech Act Theory3.2.2 Grice’s Theory of Implicatures3.2.3 Relevance-theory3.2.4 Summary3.3 Semantic Theories3.3.1 The Referential theory3.3.2 Semantic ChangeChapter Four Working Mechanism of Metonymy4.1 An Introduction to Metonymy4.1.1 Definition4.1.2 Conceptual Nature of Metonymy4.1.3 The Relationship between Metaphor and Metonymy4.2 Cognitive Aspects of Metonymy4.2.1 Metonymy Operates within ICMs4.2.2 Cognitive Principles Governing How Vehicles Are Chosen4.2.3 How Does Vehicle Map Target in Cognition4.2.4 Cognitive Functions of Metonymy4.3 Pragmatic Aspects of Metonymy4.3.1 Speech Act Metonymy4.3.2 Relevance-theoretical Accounts for Metonymy4.4 Semantic Aspects of Metonymy4.4.1 The Metonymic Motivation for Signs4.4.2 Meaning Extension4.4.3 Lexical ConversionChapter Five Conclusions5.1 Findings5.2 Limitations of the Study5.3 Suggestions for Future Studies in This FieldAcknowledgementsReferencesAppendix
相关论文文献
标签:转喻论文; 概念化论文; 理想化认知模型论文; 运作机制论文;