论文摘要
语言迁移一直是二语习得研究的中心问题,几十年来二语习得界对语言迁移的研究不断深入,从句法、语义、语音、语用等层面探讨了二语习得过程中的语言迁移问题。研究表明一些语言知识的迁移较为容易,而一些语言知识的迁移则较难发生,语言迁移受到某些因素的制约。本研究通过考察中国英语学习者有关空主语的句法知识探讨标记性和子集原则对语言迁移的制约作用。空主语的句法表现具有参数差异,形态丰富(如西班牙语)或贫乏(如汉语)的语言都允许空主语,而其他语言(如英语)不允许空主语。允许空主语的语言还允许含有主语的句子,因而是有标记的,不允许空主语的语言的句子必须带有主语,是无标记性的。不允许空主语的英语中还存在it和there两个专门核查主语的填补词。就子集原则而言,前者属于父集值,后者属于子集值。本研究以翻译和语法判断为测试工具对31名初二学生、32名高一学生以及32名非英语专业大一学生进行了测试。结果表明,初学者由于受母语汉语的影响大量省略使用填补词it和there以及嵌套句中的人称主语,但高年级组逐步建立了英语不允许空主语的意识,主语省略越来越少。这说明标记性和子集原则都不能限制母语迁移的发生,有标记的语言知识也会发生迁移。
论文目录
Acknowledgement中文摘要AbstractContentsChapter 1 Introduction1.1 Research Background1.2 Research Objectives and Questions1.3 Organization of the thesisChapter 2 Theoretical Framework2.1 Markedness2.1.1 Definition of Markedness2.1.2 Criteria for Judging Markedness and Unmarkedness2.1.3 Markedness and Acquisition2.1.4 Markedness and Transfer2.2 The Subset Principle2.2.1 The subset principle hypothesis2.2.2 The Subset principle and second language acquisition2.2.3 The Subset principle and markedness2.3 Universal Grammar2.3.1 UG and language acquisition2.3.2 Universal Grammar and second language acquisition2.4 The Null-subject Parameter2.4.1 The Morphological Uniformity Principle2.4.2 Features of Null-Subject ParameterChapter3 Literature Review3.1 Previous Studies of Markedness and Transfer3.2 Previous Study on the Subset Principle and TransferChapter 4 The Present study4.1 Hypothesis4.2 Methodology4.2.1 Participants4.2.2 Instruments and Design4.2.3 Data Collection4.3 Results and Discussion4.3.1 Expletive “it”subject4.3.2 Results of the Expletive “there”Subject4.3.3 Results of the Expletive Weather “it”Subject4.3.4 Results of the Null Referential Pronoun SubjectChapter 5 Concluding Remarks5.1 Major Findings5.2 Implications of the Study5.3 Limitation of the Study and Recommendations for Future StudyReferenceAppendix
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标签:语言迁移论文; 标记性论文; 子集原则论文; 制约论文; 空主语论文;