A Study of the Naxi Language Transfer in English Learning

论文摘要

本文主要通过对纳西语和英语之间的比较研究,找出两种语言之间的相同点和不同点,了解纳西语是如何对初学英语的纳西族学生在英语学习过程中迁移的?研究者本身就是一个教纳西族学生英语近20年的英语教师,而数据的采集也是多方面的。因此,语言的对比分析研究的重点在纳西语和英语之间相同点和不同点的比较方面,此外还对20个纳西族被试学生的语音发音也作了分析、还通过对个别纳西族学生和纳西族英语教师的采访、以问卷调查的形式还对100个纳西族学生作了纳西语是否对初学英语的纳西族学生在英语学习过程中有迁移的调查研究。对比研究和调查结果表明,纳西语和英语之间确实有很多不同点和相同点,特别是在语音方面。纳西语的许多声母和部分单韵母的发音和英语语音的一些音素的发音是相似的,这些相似音素有助于纳西族学生的英语学习,也就是说这些音素对纳西族学生学习英语会发生正迁移;而纳西语的许多韵母和一些声母的发音与英语语音音素的发音有很大的差异,两种语言之间语音发音方面的差异直接地影响纳西族学生的英语学习,也就是说这些差异对纳西族学生的英语学习会产生负迁移。本研究揭示了初学英语时,纳西族学生借助于自己的母语——纳西语学习英语,所以他们的英语有较重的当地纳西口音。但是,纳西族学生随着学习英语时间越长,学习和读的英语越多,他们说英语时的纳西口音就越轻,他们的英语也越流利。这与塞普森的相似系统模式和斯库曼的语言涵化理论是一致的。尽管这个研究还有一些局限性,但是它确实暗示了对通过目的语和已习得语言的对比,如何学会一门“新”的语言和英语教师语言示范的重要性的进一步理解将对英语初学者的英语学习有很大的促进作用。

论文目录

• STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP IN CHINESE
• STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP IN ENGLISH
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH
• ABSTRACT IN CHINESE
• TABLE OF CONTENTS
• LISTS OF TABLES AND FIGURES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
• 1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• 1.3 THE AIMS OF THE STUDY
• 1.4 THE STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS
• CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 INTRODUCTION
• 2.2 AN OVERVIEW ON THE STUDY OF LANGUAGE TRANSFER
• 2.2.1 Abriefreview of the study of language transfer
• 2.2.2 The varied controversial term "language transfer"
• 2.2.3 Contrastive analysis
• 2.2.4 Error analysis
• 2.2.5 Transfer analysis
• 2.3 RATIONAL THEORIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING
• 2.3.1 Approximative System Model
• 2.3.2 Schumann's Acculturation Model
• 2.3.3 Interlanguage
• 2.3.4 Input theory
• 2.4 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE NAXI LANGUAGE
• 2.5 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE RESEARCHES OF THE NAXI LANGUAGE
• 2.6 SUMMARY
• CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• 3.1 INTRODUCTION
• 3.2 RATIONALE FOR RESEACH METHODOLOGY
• 3.3 RESEARCH DESIGN
• 3.3.1 Subject selection
• 3.3.2 Data collection
• 3.4 DATA ANALYSIS
• 3.5 OTHER INSTRUMENTS
• 3.5.1 Interview
• 3.5.2 Surveys and questionnaires
• 3.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
• CHAPTERFOUR RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
• 4.1 INTRODUCTION
• 4.2 CONTRASTS AND COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE PHONETICS OF THE NAXI LANGUAGE AND THAT OF ENGLISH
• 4.2.1 Comparison between the initial consonants of the Naxi language and those of English
• 4.2.2 Comparison between the vowels of the Naxi language and those of English
• 4.2.3 Comparison between syllable-structures of the Naxi language and those of English
• 4.2.4 Comparison between the tones of the Naxi language and the stresses of English
• 4.3 CONTRASTS AND COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE VOCABULARY OF THE NAXI LANGUAGE AND THAT OF ENGLISH
• 4.4 CONTRASTS AND COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE SYNTAX OF THE NAXI LANGUAGE AND THAT OF ENGLISH
• 4.5 THE RESULTS OF THE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
• 4.5.1 Scores obtained from the Naxi students of Junior 1 and 2
• 4.5.2 Errors of pronunciation of English produced by the Naxi students of Junior 1 and 2
• 4.6 THE RESULTS OF THE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
• 4.6.1 Individual interviews
• 4.6.2 Summary of interviews
• 4.7 THE QUESTIONNAIRES
• 4.7.1 The results of the questionnaires done by the Naxi students of Junior 1 and 2
• 4.7.2 Summary of the questionnaires
• 4.8 SUMMARY
• CHAPTERFIVE CONCLUSIONS
• 5.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.2 CONCLUSIONS
• 5.3 PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
• 5.4 RECOMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
• REFERENCES
• APPENDICES