从功能理论角度谈汉语旅游文本的英译

论文摘要

汉语旅游文本英译具有推介中国旅游资源、吸引国外游客的功能,对开拓国际旅游市场、进一步推动我国经济发展具有重要意义。本论文拟从功能翻译理论的角度,探讨汉语旅游文本中景点描写和文化因素的翻译。目前我国汉语旅游文本的英译质量不够理想,误译、错译比比皆是,大大影响了汉语旅游文本英译激发潜在游客旅游动机的功能。作者搜集了国内多个旅游景点资料英译中的错误并进行归类整理,旨在对旅游文本的译者提供一些建议。“体验新的文化”是重要的旅游动机之一。为了实现激发旅游动机的目的,译文必须能够使目标语读者充分感受到旅游景点的异域文化。德国功能派翻译理论恰恰能满足旅游文本翻译的这种需要,它认为译者应首要考虑目标语读者的预期需要。因此,作者借助功能派翻译理论,讨论汉语旅游文本英译的问题。在汉语旅游景点描写的英译方面,应首要考虑英语和汉语的景点描写在文体上的差异。论文从词汇和篇章两个层次对比分析了二者的不同。结合功能理论,论文得出结论,能使目标语读者充分感受旅游景点的美感的译文应:(1)措辞尽量简洁、客观;(2)尽可能删除原语中摘录的诗句;(3)少用主观描写,删除无助于意象构建的主观描写;(4)调整描写视角,按英语习惯构建视角。文化差异也会导致翻译障碍。旅游文本是信息文本和祈使文本的结合体,旅游文本的主要功能是激发游客的旅游动机。要达到这一目的,译文中应尽可能保留旅游景点的异域文化色彩。在文化因素的处理方面,最常用的两种翻译方法是异化和归化翻译。作者认为,一方面要保留旅游景点的异域文化色彩,应使用异化翻译方法;但另一方面,文化缺省问题如果处理不当,将使目标语读者无法理解异域文化。此时,译者应采取一些必要的补偿方法,保证读者能够真正理解异域文化。论文结合功能派理论,根据以目标语读者为中心和传播中国文化的原则,提出了汉语旅游文本中文化因素英译的一些实用方法,力求译文达到刺激游客旅游动机的效果。

论文目录

• Synopsis
• 摘要
• CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDY
• 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• 1.3 THESIS STRUCTURE
• 1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM TEXTS
• 2.1 DEFINITION OF TOURISM TEXTS
• 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF TOURISM TEXTS
• 2.3 BASIC FUNCTIONS OF TOURISM TEXTS
• 2.3.1 The informative function
• 2.3.2 The attractive function
• 2.3.3 The persuasive function
• 2.4 MOTIVATORS OF TOURISTS’PURCHASE PROPENSITY
• 2.5 TRANSLATION OF CTT: AN OVERVIEW
• CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
• 3.1 INTRODUCTION
• 3.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND FOR FUNCTIONAL TRANSLATION THEORY
• 3.2.1 Inadequacy of traditional approaches
• 3.2.2 Equivalence-based theories
• 3.3 FUNCTIONALIST APPROACHES TO TRANSLATION
• 3.3.1 Introduction
• 3.3.2 Functionalism in light of the theory of action
• 3.3.3 Key concepts in Skopostheorie
• 3.4. SKOPOSTHEORIE AND TRANSLATION OF CTT
• CHAPTER 4 TRANSLATION OF LANDSCAPE DESCRIPTION IN CTT
• 4.1 INTRODUCTION
• 4.2 DEFINITION OF DESCRIPTION
• 4.2.1 Importance of description in TT
• 4.2.2 Differences in aesthetic tastes between Chinese and westerners
• 4.3 STYLISTIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHINESE AND ENGLISH DESCRIPTIVE TT
• 4.3.1 Differences at the lexical level
• 4.3.2 Differences at the textual level
• 4.4 TRANSLATION STRATEGIES
• 4.4.1 Replacing abstract diction with specific words
• 4.4.2 Deleting quotations, allusions and clichés in the source text
• 4.4.3 Deleting subjective expressions if necessary
• 4.4.4 Deleting information irrelevant to imagery-building
• 4.4.5 Deleting hyperboles
• 4.4.6 Restructuring the target text in a linear style
• CHAPTER 5 TRANSLATION OF CULTURAL ELEMENTS IN CTT
• 5.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.2 DEFINITION AND POSITION OF CULTURE
• 5.3 TRANSLATION STRATEGIES OF CULTURAL ELEMENTS IN CTT
• 5.3.1 Domestication vs. foreignization
• 5.3.2 Factors to be considered in the choice of translation strategies
• 5.3.3 Translation strategies
• CHAPTER 6 ERROR ANALYSES OF CHINESE-ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF TT
• 6.1 INTRODUCTION
• 6.2 ERRORS AT THE DICTION LEVEL
• 6.2.1 Wrong translation
• 6.2.2 Spelling mistakes
• 6.2.3 False equivalents
• 6.2.4 Unidiomatic expressions
• 6.2.5 Uncommonly-used vocabulary
• 6.3 ERRORS AT THE SENTENCE LEVEL
• 6.3.1 Wrong sentence structure
• 6.3.2 Misplacement
• 6.3.3 Overlapping in meanings
• 6.3.4 Loose structure
• 6.4 ERRORS AT THE TEXTUAL LEVEL
• 6.4.1 Lack of cohesion
• 6.4.2 Lack of coherence
• 6.4.3 Monotony
• CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Acknowledgements