性格对反语的使用和理解的影响

性格对反语的使用和理解的影响

论文摘要

反语是我们日常交际中常见的一种语言现象,在中西方文化中人们可以轻而易举地找到反语的使用。在传统的语言理论中,反语一直以来被当做是一种修辞手法。事实上,反语大致可以分为三类:言语反语、情景反语、戏剧反语,而言语反语是其中最为常见的一种形式。简单来讲,言语反语的字面意义与说话者想要表达的真实意图相反。例如,在经历了一次漫长而又单调无聊的旅程之后,人们会说:“这是这辈子最精彩的乘车之旅了!”而事实上,真正的经历却是大失所望。说话者通过使用这样的反语句,既表达了些许抱怨之意,同时又营造了一种幽默、轻松的氛围,反而减轻了路途的困倦。总的来讲,说话者能够使用更加直白的言辞坦率地表达自己真实的意图,使用反语很可能会造成误解,那么,为什么人们还是愿意冒着被误解的风险而使用反语呢?反语使用者的个性与反语的使用之间有没有必然的联系呢?根据心理学相关理论,每个人的个性不同,会表现出不同于其他人的行为方式。个性是一个人与生俱来的典型而稳定的心理模式,个性不同会导致不同的行为方式。个性是一个复杂的结构,其中主要包括气质、性格和认知风格等因素。具体而言,根据对立类型理论,心理学家认为基本上有两种人格类型:内向型和外向性。而语言是人类的一种特殊的行为,那么,语言的使用是否会受到人类个性的影响呢?如果答案是肯定的,那么言语反语的使用就应该表现出人类不同类型的个性。具体而言,哪种类型的个性会更频繁地使用反语呢?哪种类型的个性使用反语要少一些?进而,说话者的个性会不会影响对于反语的理解呢?相比较而言,哪种类型的说话者更有可能将言语理解为反语句?通过问卷调查,本文发现语言的使用确实能够反映说话者的不同个性。相对于内向和中间型的人而言,外向型的人由于自身具有冒险的精神,以及善于使用多种灵活的说话技巧的特点,更容易在言谈应对中使用反语来表现幽默感。另外,在反语理解方面,内向型的人比外向型和中间型的人更倾向于将某语境中的话语理解为反语。在反语生成和理解两方面,中间型的人没有表现出突出的特点。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgements
  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 Introdtiction
  • 1.2 The Objectives of the Study
  • 1.3 The Significance of the Study
  • 1.4 The Methodology of the Study
  • 1.5 The Outline of the Thesis
  • Chapter Two Literature Review
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Definition and Classification of Irony
  • 2.2.1 Definition of Irony
  • 2.2.2 Classification of Irony
  • 2.3 Approaches to the Study of Verbal Irony
  • 2.3.1 Rhetorical Approach
  • 2.3.2 Psychological Approach
  • 2.3.3 Pragmatic Approach
  • 2.4 Limitations of the Previous Research and the Perspective of the Present Study
  • 2.5 Definition and Classification of Personality
  • 2.5.1 Definition of Personality
  • 2.5.2 Classification of Personality
  • 2.6 The Study of Personality and Language
  • 2.6.1 Two hypotheses of personality and foreign language acquisition
  • 2.6.2 Research on Extroversion and Foreign Language Acquisition
  • 2.6.3 Research on Introversion and Foreign Language Acquisition
  • 2.7 Summary
  • Chapter Three Methodology
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Experiment One for the Personality of Participants
  • 3.2.1 Participants
  • 3.2.2 Instrument(Appendix Ⅰ)
  • 3.2.3 Procedure
  • 3.2.4 Result
  • 3.2.5 Analysis
  • 3.3 Experiment Two for the Production and the Interpretation of Verbal Irony
  • 3.3.1 Participants
  • 3.3.2 Instrument (Appendix Ⅱand Appendix Ⅲ)
  • 3.3.3 Procedure
  • 3.3.4 Result
  • 3.3.5 Analysis
  • 3.4 Summary
  • Chapter Four Conclusion
  • 4.1 Summary of Major Findings
  • 4.2 Implications
  • 4.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix Ⅰ
  • Appendix Ⅱ
  • Appendix Ⅲ
  • Abbreviations
  • Publication
  • Personal Profiles
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    性格对反语的使用和理解的影响
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