论文摘要
采用化学法,以对甲基苯磺酸(p-TSA)为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,合成了导电聚苯胺(PANI)。在此基础上,将稀土氧化物(Sm2O3或Y203)在对甲基苯磺酸中预分散处理后,合成了聚苯胺/稀土氧化物复合纳米材料(PANI/Sm2O3及PANI/Y2O3)。采用标准四探针法测定了材料的电导率;用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了PANI、PANI/Sm2O3及PANI/Y2O3的形貌。采用溶液法分别在ITO导电玻璃上制备了PANI/ITO、PANI/Sm2O3/ITO及PANI/Y2O3/ITO薄膜电极,分别以这三种电极为工作电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,铂电极为辅助电极,采用三电极体系,用循环伏安(CV)法,研究了上述三种电极在盐酸(HCl)及甲酸(HCOOH)溶液中的电化学性能;采用原位聚合法在铂片电极上制备了PANI、PANI/Sm2O3和PANI/Y2O3修饰的Pt电极,分别表示为PANI/Pt、PANI/Sm2O3/Pt和PANI/Y2O3/Pt,采用CV法研究了这三种电极对甲醇(CH3OH)及甲酸(HCOOH)氧化反应的电化学催化性能。CV实验结果表明,(1)成膜温度为70℃时,PANI/Sm2O3/ITO和PANI/Y2O3/ITO电化学活性较强。随着成膜所用PANI/Sm2O3/ITO或PANI/Y2O3/ITO量的增加,PANI/Sm2O3/ITO及PANI/Y2O3/ITO的电化学反应活性增强。(2)在HCOOH及(HCOOH+1.0 mol·L-1 HCl)的混合液中,PANI/ITO、PANI/Sm2O3/ITO和PANI/Y2O3/ITO对HCOOH无电化学催化氧化作用,只表现为PANI在酸性溶液中的氧化还原特征。(3)PANI/Pt、PANI/Sm2O3/Pt及PANI/Y2O3/Pt均对CH3OH氧化有电化学催化作用。在(CH3OH+0.1mol·L-1 H2SO4)溶液中,当CH3OH浓度较低时,CV曲线上CH3OH氧化的特征并不显著。但随着CH3OH浓度的提高,它们对CH3OH氧化的电化学催化氧化作用均逐渐增强。在CV曲线上,CH3OH的氧化峰电流ip,a与CH3OH在溶液中本体浓度c*成正比,与扫描速率的1/2次方(v1/2)成正比,氧化峰电位正移,这不仅可以用作催化反应切实发生的判据,还可由此计算出电极反应速率公式中的标准速率常数ks及交换系数a与控制步骤反应的电子数na的乘积ana。(4) PANI/Pt、PANI/Sm2O3/Pt及PANI/Y2O3/Pt对HCOOH氧化也有很好的电化学催化作用,这种作用随HCOOH浓度的增加而增强。
论文目录
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标签:聚苯胺论文; 氧化钐论文; 氧化钇论文; 循环伏安论文; 电化学催化论文; 甲醇氧化论文; 甲酸氧化论文; 修饰铂电极论文;