中国蔬菜出口与日本肯定列表制度

论文摘要

自2006年5月29日起，日本政府实施了新的《食品中残留农业化学品肯定列表制度》，简称：肯定列表制度。其是日本为加强食品（包括可食用农产品）中农业化学品（包括农药、兽药和饲料添加剂）残留管理而制定的一项新制度。该制度要求：食品中农业化学品含量不得超过最大残留限量标准；对于未制订最大残留限量标准的农业化学品，其在食品中的含量不得超过“一律标准”，即0.01毫克／公斤。该制度以立法的方式，对农业化学药品的限量指标进行系统化、制度化的规定，为今后日本政府在食用农产品进口环节中采取相应的检验检疫措施提供了法律依据。肯定列表制度是日本制定的一种新的技术性贸易壁垒，该制度对输日农产品的农药残留量标准要求非常苛刻，自实施以来，对我国出口日本的农产品尤其是蔬菜产品造成了巨大的影响。因此研究分析日本肯定列表制度并讨论相应的应对措施是我们当前所面对的一个很重要的课题。本文共分六章：第一章，简单介绍了中国蔬菜在国际市场上所遇到的贸易壁垒问题，并引出日本制定的新的贸易壁垒-肯定列表制度。第二章，对肯定列表制度进行了深入全面的介绍，包括该制度的背景，具体规定，特点，以及在该制度下所采取的监督／检验计划。第三章，首先阐述了中国对日本蔬菜出口发展的现状及动态，然后着重分析了肯定列表制度对我国蔬菜出口的影响。第四章，首先介绍了国内应对肯定列表制度的现状，最后通过上述的分析，对我国蔬菜出口有效应对肯定列表制度提出了一系列的对策建议。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 内容摘要
• Chapter Ⅰ Introduction
• Chapter Ⅱ The Positive List System
• 2.1 The Background of the Positive List System
• 2.1.1 Reasons for the Implementation of the Positive List System
• 2.1.2 The MHLW Chemical Residue Policy before the Positive List System
• 2.2 The Time Table of the Positive List System
• 2.3 Several Related Details about the Positive List System
• 2.3.1 Specific Regulations Based on the Positive List System
• 2.3.2 Characteristics of Positive List System
• 2.3.3 Comparison between Positive List System and Negative List System
• 2.3.4 Surveillance/Testing Program for Pesticide Residues
• 2.4 Evaluation of Positive List System
• Chapter Ⅲ The Impact of The Positive List System
• 3.1 The General Situation of China's Vegetable Export to Japan
• 3.2 The Advantages and Disadvantages of China's Vegetable Exported to Japan
• 3.2.1 Advantages China's Vegetable Exported to Japan
• 3.2.2 Disadvantages China's Vegetable Exported to Japan
• 3.3 The Impact of Positive List System on China's Vegetable
• 3.3.1 The Positive Impact on China's Vegetable Export
• 3.3.2 The Negative Impact on China's Vegetable Export
• 3.4 Positive List System's Impact Research on Export Data of Vegetable in 2006
• 3.4.1 The General Situation of Chinese Agricultural Products Export to Japan in 2006
• 3.4.2 The Security Condition of Vegetable Exported to Japan
• 3.4.3 The Severe Loss of Chinese Main Vegetable Products
• Chapter Ⅳ Current Countermeasures to the Positive List System and Suggestions
• 4.1 Current Countermeasures to the Positive List System
• 4.1.1 Chinese Government's Active Diplomatic Negotiation with Japanese Government
• 4.1.2 Enforcing the Propaganda and Training Programs
• 4.1.3 Policy Supporting
• 4.1.4 Reinforcing the Construction of Standardization
• 4.2 Problems of China's Vegetable Export
• 4.2.1 The Lack of Regulatory and Oversight System
• 4.2.2 The Lack of Effective Regulation and Supervision
• 4.2.3 Small Scale of Production
• 4.2.4 Outdated Inspection Technology and Equipment
• 4.2.5 Inefficient Information Transfer
• 4.3 Suggestions for China's Vegetable Export
• 4.3.1 Strengthening the Supervision of the Government
• 4.3.2 Enhancing the Function of the Inspection and Quarantine Department
• 4.3.3 Taking Measures to Deal with the Positive List System for China's Export Enterprises
• 4.3.4 Increasing the Function of Trade Association
• REFERENCES
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS