基于语料库的on的空间隐喻拓展研究

论文摘要

多义现象已经开始成为当代认知语言学研究的一个重要的方面。这一语言现象正在引起越来越多的语言学者的注意。与其他语言学家相比,认知语言学家对多义性现象有着不同的观点和研究方法。Lakoff在对介词多义现象的研究中提出了径向范畴(Radial Category)理论,通过一系列的认知法则,原型意义派生出更多的区别性意义,因此介词的空间维度便派生出更多的非空间维度,即隐喻维度。为便于研究的进行,本文将深入介绍概念隐喻、Lakoff的意象图式及等理论概念。然后通过英语国家语料库(British National Corpus)得到客观且充足的研究数据。通过数据收集和分析,分别得到on的空间域和空间隐喻拓展的发生频率,然后比较两者频率得出结论,即人类的语言在本质上是隐喻的。最后,将on的空间隐喻拓展划分,并引用数据库的典型例句进行详细解释。此项研究证明隐喻不仅存在于语言中,而且也存在于思维和行动中。同时本文也证明:on以空间原型意义为中心向其空间隐喻意义拓展,且其空间隐喻意义的分布是不均衡的。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.1.1 History of the Metaphor Study
• 1.1.2 The Phenomenon of Polysemy
• 1.1.3 The Reason for Adopting a Cognitive Approach to Metaphor Study
• 1.2 The Research Method of the Study
• 1.3 Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 History of the Study of Polysemy
• 2.1.1 All Studies on Preposition Cognition from a Historical view
• 2.2 Lakoff’s Radial Category to Polysemy
• 2.2.1 Categorization and Prototype Theory
• 2.2.2 Radial Category
• 2.3 Langacker’s TR-LM Theory
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework of This Study
• 3.1 Conceptual Metaphor
• 3.1.1 The Characteristics of Conceptual Metaphors
• 3.1.2 Spatial Metaphor
• 3.2 Image Schema
• 3.2.1 The Definition of Schema
• 3.2.2 The Concept of Image Schema
• 3.3 Summery
• Chapter 4 A Case Study: on
• 4.1 Research Methodology
• 4.1.1 A Brief introduction to BNC
• 4.1.2 Data Collection
• 4.1.3 The Theories that Highlight the Analysis of the Data
• 4.2 Analysis of the Spatial Meanings of on
• 4.2.1 The Protomeaning and Image Schemas of on
• 4.2.2 The Spatial Meanings among the Data
• 4.3 Analysis of the Metaphorical Extensions of on
• 4.3.1 Static Metaphorical Extensions
• 4.3.1.1 The Domain of Location
• 4.3.1.2 The Domain of Time
• 4.3.1.3 The Domain of Concerning
• 4.3.1.4 The Domain of Basis
• 4.3.1.5 The Domain of Effect
• 4.3.1.6 The Domain of Focus of Attention
• 4.3.1.7 A Brief Summery of the Static Metaphorical Extensions
• 4.3.2 Dynamic Metaphorical Extensions
• 4.3.2.1 The Domain of Activity
• 4.3.2.1.1 The Domain of Means
• 4.3.2.2 The Domain of State
• 4.3.2.3 The Domain of Towards
• 4.3.2.3.1 The Domain of Direction
• 4.3.2.3.2 The Domain of Target
• 4.3.2.4 A Brief Summery of the Dynamic Metaphorical Extensions
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• 5.1 Major Findings
• 5.2 Implications
• 5.3 Limitations
• Bibliography
• Appendix
• Acknowledgements
• 个人简历
• 发表的学术论文