本文主要研究内容
作者秦晓洁(2019)在《牦牛骨粉制备及其抗骨质疏松活性研究》一文中研究指出:随着我国逐渐进入老龄化社会,骨质疏松症发病率不断攀升。目前防治骨质疏松的研究主要集中在药物治疗上,往往忽视了对机体整体代谢的调整,普遍具有一定副作用。因此,寻找能防治骨质疏松、副作用小的功能食品具有重要意义。本课题旨在优化牦牛骨粉制备工艺,并基于体外模拟胃肠道消化模型和骨质疏松动物模型探究粒径对牦牛骨粉消化特性及其抗骨质疏松活性的影响,可为今后开发高活性牦牛骨源功能食品提供理论和技术支撑。本文首先对牦牛骨脱脂工艺进行了优化分析。为提高脱脂率,以青海牦牛股骨为原料进行超声辅助有机溶剂脱脂参数优化,并比较分析了超声脱脂法和蒸煮脱脂法对骨粉制备的影响。结果显示:乙酸乙酯为最佳脱脂溶剂;超声功率500 W,超声时间30 min,液料比(v:m)6为最佳脱脂参数,脱脂率可达92.00%,显著高于蒸煮脱脂法(71.25%)(P<0.01);与蒸煮脱脂法相比,超声脱脂法蛋白质流失率、矿物质流失率显著降低(P<0.05),且钙离子释放度不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。超声波辅助有机溶剂脱脂处理制备骨粉可更多保留骨中营养物质,对改善骨粉加工工艺及提高骨粉品质具有一定参考价值。其次,本文探究了不同中值粒径(19.92μm、49.94μm、76.65μm、96.73μm、128.37μm)牦牛全骨粉的理化特性和消化特性。结果显示,不同粒径骨粉的基本营养成分(蛋白质、脂肪、水分、灰分)、总氨基酸、羟脯氨酸以及矿物质含量皆无显著差异(P>0.05)。但随粒径减小,骨粉的亮度增大、持水力和蛋白质溶解能力越强。通过体外消化系统对不同粒径骨粉进行研究发现,随粒径减小,骨粉蛋白质消化率呈上升趋势,其中D50为19.92μm的骨粉经肠部消化后蛋白质消化率可达28.53%,显著优于其它大粒径骨粉(P<0.05);各消化产物中氨基酸含量不同,并皆随骨粉粒径减小而增大,其中酪氨酸(Tyr)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、赖氨酸(Lys)、精氨酸(Arg)含量最高。然而,随着骨粉粒径减小,分子量小于0.5 kDa的肽段相对含量及钙磷释放度皆逐渐降低,其中骨粉钙、磷释放度分别为3.273.84 mg/g、1.341.65 mg/g。综上,粒径不会导致骨粉中基本成分发生改变,但随着粒径减小,骨粉表现出较好的理化特性,且其蛋白质消化率以及氨基酸游离度逐渐呈现更佳状态,但小分子量肽段相对含量、钙磷释放度随之降低。为进一步确定不同粒径牦牛骨粉的抗骨质疏松活性,本文利用3种中值粒径(19.92μm,6.65μm,128.37μm)牦牛骨粉饲喂骨质疏松模型大鼠。结果显示,牦牛骨粉饲喂组大鼠的钙、磷表观吸收率分别可达53.3755.12%、55.2658.51%;与模型组相比,牦牛骨粉可显著增加大鼠血清中骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的含量(P<0.05),但骨密度和骨小梁等指标没有统计学意义,并且在所选粒径范围内,粒径差异未对其产生显著影响(P>0.05)。综上,牦牛骨粉在一定程度上表现出抗骨质疏松活性,但在所选粒径范围(19.92128.37μm)内,粒径差异未导致其功能差异。
Abstract
sui zhao wo guo zhu jian jin ru lao ling hua she hui ,gu zhi shu song zheng fa bing lv bu duan pan sheng 。mu qian fang zhi gu zhi shu song de yan jiu zhu yao ji zhong zai yao wu zhi liao shang ,wang wang hu shi le dui ji ti zheng ti dai xie de diao zheng ,pu bian ju you yi ding fu zuo yong 。yin ci ,xun zhao neng fang zhi gu zhi shu song 、fu zuo yong xiao de gong neng shi pin ju you chong yao yi yi 。ben ke ti zhi zai you hua mao niu gu fen zhi bei gong yi ,bing ji yu ti wai mo ni wei chang dao xiao hua mo xing he gu zhi shu song dong wu mo xing tan jiu li jing dui mao niu gu fen xiao hua te xing ji ji kang gu zhi shu song huo xing de ying xiang ,ke wei jin hou kai fa gao huo xing mao niu gu yuan gong neng shi pin di gong li lun he ji shu zhi cheng 。ben wen shou xian dui mao niu gu tuo zhi gong yi jin hang le you hua fen xi 。wei di gao tuo zhi lv ,yi qing hai mao niu gu gu wei yuan liao jin hang chao sheng fu zhu you ji rong ji tuo zhi can shu you hua ,bing bi jiao fen xi le chao sheng tuo zhi fa he zheng zhu tuo zhi fa dui gu fen zhi bei de ying xiang 。jie guo xian shi :yi suan yi zhi wei zui jia tuo zhi rong ji ;chao sheng gong lv 500 W,chao sheng shi jian 30 min,ye liao bi (v:m)6wei zui jia tuo zhi can shu ,tuo zhi lv ke da 92.00%,xian zhe gao yu zheng zhu tuo zhi fa (71.25%)(P<0.01);yu zheng zhu tuo zhi fa xiang bi ,chao sheng tuo zhi fa dan bai zhi liu shi lv 、kuang wu zhi liu shi lv xian zhe jiang di (P<0.05),ju gai li zi shi fang du bu cun zai xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05)。chao sheng bo fu zhu you ji rong ji tuo zhi chu li zhi bei gu fen ke geng duo bao liu gu zhong ying yang wu zhi ,dui gai shan gu fen jia gong gong yi ji di gao gu fen pin zhi ju you yi ding can kao jia zhi 。ji ci ,ben wen tan jiu le bu tong zhong zhi li jing (19.92μm、49.94μm、76.65μm、96.73μm、128.37μm)mao niu quan gu fen de li hua te xing he xiao hua te xing 。jie guo xian shi ,bu tong li jing gu fen de ji ben ying yang cheng fen (dan bai zhi 、zhi fang 、shui fen 、hui fen )、zong an ji suan 、qiang fu an suan yi ji kuang wu zhi han liang jie mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05)。dan sui li jing jian xiao ,gu fen de liang du zeng da 、chi shui li he dan bai zhi rong jie neng li yue jiang 。tong guo ti wai xiao hua ji tong dui bu tong li jing gu fen jin hang yan jiu fa xian ,sui li jing jian xiao ,gu fen dan bai zhi xiao hua lv cheng shang sheng qu shi ,ji zhong D50wei 19.92μmde gu fen jing chang bu xiao hua hou dan bai zhi xiao hua lv ke da 28.53%,xian zhe you yu ji ta da li jing gu fen (P<0.05);ge xiao hua chan wu zhong an ji suan han liang bu tong ,bing jie sui gu fen li jing jian xiao er zeng da ,ji zhong lao an suan (Tyr)、ben bing an suan (Phe)、lai an suan (Lys)、jing an suan (Arg)han liang zui gao 。ran er ,sui zhao gu fen li jing jian xiao ,fen zi liang xiao yu 0.5 kDade tai duan xiang dui han liang ji gai lin shi fang du jie zhu jian jiang di ,ji zhong gu fen gai 、lin shi fang du fen bie wei 3.273.84 mg/g、1.341.65 mg/g。zeng shang ,li jing bu hui dao zhi gu fen zhong ji ben cheng fen fa sheng gai bian ,dan sui zhao li jing jian xiao ,gu fen biao xian chu jiao hao de li hua te xing ,ju ji dan bai zhi xiao hua lv yi ji an ji suan you li du zhu jian cheng xian geng jia zhuang tai ,dan xiao fen zi liang tai duan xiang dui han liang 、gai lin shi fang du sui zhi jiang di 。wei jin yi bu que ding bu tong li jing mao niu gu fen de kang gu zhi shu song huo xing ,ben wen li yong 3chong zhong zhi li jing (19.92μm,6.65μm,128.37μm)mao niu gu fen si wei gu zhi shu song mo xing da shu 。jie guo xian shi ,mao niu gu fen si wei zu da shu de gai 、lin biao guan xi shou lv fen bie ke da 53.3755.12%、55.2658.51%;yu mo xing zu xiang bi ,mao niu gu fen ke xian zhe zeng jia da shu xie qing zhong gu gai su 、jian xing lin suan mei he kang jiu dan suan suan xing lin suan mei de han liang (P<0.05),dan gu mi du he gu xiao liang deng zhi biao mei you tong ji xue yi yi ,bing ju zai suo shua li jing fan wei nei ,li jing cha yi wei dui ji chan sheng xian zhe ying xiang (P>0.05)。zeng shang ,mao niu gu fen zai yi ding cheng du shang biao xian chu kang gu zhi shu song huo xing ,dan zai suo shua li jing fan wei (19.92128.37μm)nei ,li jing cha yi wei dao zhi ji gong neng cha yi 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中国农业科学院的秦晓洁,发表于刊物中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文,是一篇关于牦牛论文,骨粉论文,粒径论文,体外消化论文,骨质疏松论文,中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。