关于自主学习及其对提高学习动机作用的研究

论文摘要

近年来,自主学习一直是引起教育界广泛关注的话题。Henry Holec于1981年在其向欧洲议会提出的报告中将学习自主性引入到第二语言领域。他将自主性定义为能够控制自我学习的一种能力。动机是日常生活和研究中广泛使用的心理学术语。当学生拥有学习动机时,会表现得比较积极主动,对学习产生兴趣,树立学习目标。由于学习自主性和学习动机是影响学习效果的重要因素,因此很多学者对学习自主性,或学习动机做过研究,有的研究是关于两者关系的。尽管如此,很少有人就学习自主性对学习动机的影响进行探讨。因此本论文是在中国非英语专业学生中对此问题研究的一次尝试。为了找到外语学习或二语学习的有效方法,本论文将学习自主性与学习动机联系在一起,因为两者都是影响二语学习的重要因素。同时,本研究也将丰富自主学习理论。由于提高学习动机可以促进有效的二语学习,因此教育界对如何提高动机进行过大量研究。而本文认为在影响学习动机的各种因素当中,学习自主性是一个不可忽视的因素。因此本文作者将两者紧密地连接起来,以期找出提高学习动机进而促进二语学习的方法。论文作者首先以大量研究事实为基础,提出自主学习可以提高学习动机的观点,然后经过大量问卷调查和访谈,通过统计软件进行多种分析,最后证明了提出的观点。本论文共有五个章节,第一章是对自主学习理论的简要回顾与总结。第二章对学习动机理论进行简要介绍,并依据自主学习与学习动机关系的相关研究,提出作者的观点:提高学习自主性有利于促进学习动机,随后列出理论论据。第三、四章是对前一章所列论据的验证,采用问卷分析和访谈的形式进行调查,运用相关性和回归等多种方式分析。依据本研究结果和研究过程中得到的启示,第五章提出提高学习动机的策略方法。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Introduction
• 1 Background Information
• 2 Significance and Objectives of the Thesis
• 3 Layout of the Thesis
• 4 Instrument and Methodology
• Chapter 1 Autonomy in SLL
• 1.1 The Definition of Autonomy
• 1.2 Theoretical Bases of Autonomy
• 1.2.1 Humanist Beliefs
• 1.2.2 Constructivism
• 1.2.3 Cognitive Psychological Grounds
• 1.3 Characteristics of Autonomous Learners
• 1.4 Brief Review of the Present Researches on Learner Autonomy
• Chapter 2 The Relationship Between Learner Autonomy and Motivation
• 2.1 Language Learning Motivation
• 2.1.1 Definition of Motivation
• 2.1.2 Classification of Motivation
• 2.1.3 Theories on Motivation
• 2.2 Relevant Theories on Relation Between Learner Autonomy and Motivation
• 2.2.1 Self-determination Theory
• 2.2.2 Attribution Theory
• 2.2.3 Achievement Motivation
• 2.2.4 Need Theory
• 2.2.5 Self-actualization
• 2.3 The Relationship Between Learner Autonomy and Motivation
• 2.3.1 Motivation Precedes Autonomy
• 2.3.2 Autonomy Enhances Motivation
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter 3 Methodology of the Investigation
• 3.1 Research Questions
• 3.2 Subjects
• 3.3 Instrument
• 3.3.1 Questionnaire
• 3.3.2 Interview
• 3.4 Data Collection and Analysis Procedure
• 3.5 Summary
• Chapter 4 Results and Discussions of the Investigation
• 4.1 Effect of Learner Autonomy on Motivation
• 4.1.1 Correlation Between Learner Autonomy and Motivation in General
• 4.1.2 Correlation Between Learner Autonomy and Different Types of Motivation
• 4.2 Effect of Achievement Motivation on Attributional Beliefs
• 4.2.1 Correlation Between Learner Autonomy and Attributional Beliefs
• 4.2.2 Correlation Between Attributional Beliefs and Achievement Motivation
• 4.3 Effect of Learner Autonomy on Achievement Motivation
• 4.4 Effect of Learner Autonomy on Awareness of Self-actualization
• 4.5 Summary
• Chapter 5 Strategies in Enhancing Motivation
• 5.1 Major Findings of the Study
• 5.2 Strategies in Enhancing Motivation
• 5.2.1 Attributing in Correct Way
• 5.2.2 Enhancing Achievement Motivation
• 5.2.3 Arousing Self-actualization
• 5.2.4 Improving Intrinsic Interest
• 5.2.5 Using Motivation of Immediate Achievement Appropriately
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Appendices
• Appendix 1 Qestionnaires
• Appendix 2 Interview Outline
• Acknowledgements
• Resume