汉语普通话元音弱化的音系学分析

论文摘要

在言语行为过程中,音素与音素、音节与音节、声调与声调之间,因为受相邻音的影响,或由于说话时语音快慢、高低、强弱的不同,某些语音成分可能发生不同的变化,集中体现在同化、异化、弱化等等。本论文主要针对汉语普通话中轻声音节的元音弱化现象进行理论层次的分析。由于是以北京方言为基础,所以普通话的标准到目前为止还不是绝对的,同时由于地区差异以及发音习惯不同,普通话中轻声的标准也不是绝对的。所以,普通话轻声中的元音弱化现象也会因人而异,因地而异。很多研究都将轻声中的元音弱化过于绝对化,经过反复对比与发音,笔者认为元音在轻声音节中弱化的现象因其响度等级的不同而不同,而且表现形式各异,不可一概而论。经过收集大量轻声词,现代汉语语音教程以及研究轻声词元音弱化现象的文献,并经过反复推敲与整理,笔者对普通话元音弱化现象用音系学的前沿理论“优选论”和其他生成音系学理论加以分析,给普通话轻声音节的原因弱化现象做出了一致的解释。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Background and objectives
• 1.2 Data collection and data analysis
• 1.3 Theoretical basis
• 1.4 The layout of this thesis
• Chapter 2 The general situation of vowel reduction
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Definition of vowel reduction
• 2.2.1 Definitions in a broad sense
• 2.2.2 Definitions in specialized works on phonology
• 2.2.3 Definitions in specialized literature for vowels
• 2.3 Classification of vowel reduction
• 2.3.1 Basic classification
• 2.3.2 Specific forms of changing
• 2.4 Reasons for vowel reduction
• 2.4.1 Historical reasons
• 2.4.2 The shift of stress
• 2.4.3 The principle of least effort
• 2.4.4 Vowel harmony
• 2.5 Previous studies
• 2.5.1 Standard Chinese teaching materials
• 2.5.2 Dialects
• 2.5.3 Foreign languages
• 2.5.4 Linguistics
• 2.5.5 Chinese neutral tone
• 2.6 Summary
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Background
• 3.1 Generative phonology
• 3.2 From rule-based method to constraints based method
• 3.3 Optimality theory
• 3.3.1 Constraints based analysis
• 3.3.2 Some basic notions of OT
• 3.3.3 Constraints:
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Phenomena of vowel reduction
• 4.1 Features of Chinese vowels
• 4.2 The phenomena connected with vowel reduction
• 4.3 Data
• 4.3.1 Vowel reduction in syllable structure
• 4.3.2 Vowel reduction under neutral tone
• Chapter 5 Final analysis of vowel reduction
• 5.1 The moraic way
• 5.2 Stress method
• 5.2.1 Low vowels
• 5.2.2 Mid vowels
• 5.2.3 High vowels
• Keep its original quality
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• References
• 个人简介
• 导师简介
• 获得成果项目清单
• Acknowledgements