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作者侯思皓,张钟,李一荷,张春梅,杨阳,李新岗（2019）在《枣自交与异交花粉管生长行为及早期胚胎发育研究》一文中研究指出：【目的】比较不同枣品种自交与异交授粉后花粉管在花柱组织中生长行为及早期胚胎发育的差异,明确枣自交不亲和性的特征及类型,完善枣生殖生物学,进而从自交不亲和性方面探明枣低含仁率问题,为枣果实生殖学和枣树杂交育种提供理论基础。【方法】设计自交授粉组合‘冬枣’和‘灰枣’以及异交授粉组合‘蜂蜜罐’ב襄汾圆枣’‘、蜂蜜罐’ב延川老牙酸枣’‘、灰枣’ב晋枣’‘、襄汾圆枣’ב永济蛤蟆枣’。根据枣雌蕊特点,经改良软化法处理后,综合运用花粉管荧光显微及石蜡切片观察授粉后自交与异交授粉组合花粉管在雌蕊中的生长及早期胚胎发育情况,从解剖学角度研究枣自交不亲和性。【结果】枣(品种)自交与异交授粉后3 h和6 h均观察到花粉粒在柱头上的萌发,花粉管顺利穿透乳突细胞侵入柱头,向花柱通道内生长。自交授粉组合‘冬枣’和‘灰枣’的花粉管授粉后24 h,生长至花柱三分之一处;授粉后48 h,花粉管生长至花柱二分之一处;授粉后72 h、96 h花粉管处于停滞状态,保持在花柱组织二分之一处。异交授粉组合‘蜂蜜罐’ב襄汾圆枣’‘、蜂蜜罐’ב延川老牙酸枣’‘、灰枣’ב晋枣’‘、襄汾圆枣’ב永济蛤蟆枣’授粉后24 h,花粉管生长至花柱二分之一处;授粉后48 h,花粉管生长至花柱的基部;授粉后72 h,花粉管穿透花柱基部,到达胚珠。授粉后13 d‘,蜂蜜罐’ב襄汾圆枣’的胚胎发育正常,胚胎发育处于合子横向分裂后向小球形胚发育阶段,胚乳的发育则处胚乳游离核时期。但‘灰枣’自交授粉组合表现出由于传粉受精不良导致的胚败育现象。【结论】解剖研究发现枣自交不亲和反应发生在花柱组织内,其类型属配子体自交不亲和中的合子前不亲和类型;枣自交不亲和性与胚败育共同导致枣果实的低含仁率和低坐果率问题,严重制约枣树的杂交育种工作。
Abstract
【mu de 】bi jiao bu tong zao pin chong zi jiao yu yi jiao shou fen hou hua fen guan zai hua zhu zu zhi zhong sheng chang hang wei ji zao ji pei tai fa yo de cha yi ,ming que zao zi jiao bu qin he xing de te zheng ji lei xing ,wan shan zao sheng shi sheng wu xue ,jin er cong zi jiao bu qin he xing fang mian tan ming zao di han ren lv wen ti ,wei zao guo shi sheng shi xue he zao shu za jiao yo chong di gong li lun ji chu 。【fang fa 】she ji zi jiao shou fen zu ge ‘dong zao ’he ‘hui zao ’yi ji yi jiao shou fen zu ge ‘feng mi guan ’בxiang fen yuan zao ’‘、feng mi guan ’בyan chuan lao ya suan zao ’‘、hui zao ’בjin zao ’‘、xiang fen yuan zao ’בyong ji ge ma zao ’。gen ju zao ci rui te dian ,jing gai liang ruan hua fa chu li hou ,zeng ge yun yong hua fen guan ying guang xian wei ji dan la qie pian guan cha shou fen hou zi jiao yu yi jiao shou fen zu ge hua fen guan zai ci rui zhong de sheng chang ji zao ji pei tai fa yo qing kuang ,cong jie pou xue jiao du yan jiu zao zi jiao bu qin he xing 。【jie guo 】zao (pin chong )zi jiao yu yi jiao shou fen hou 3 hhe 6 hjun guan cha dao hua fen li zai zhu tou shang de meng fa ,hua fen guan shun li chuan tou ru tu xi bao qin ru zhu tou ,xiang hua zhu tong dao nei sheng chang 。zi jiao shou fen zu ge ‘dong zao ’he ‘hui zao ’de hua fen guan shou fen hou 24 h,sheng chang zhi hua zhu san fen zhi yi chu ;shou fen hou 48 h,hua fen guan sheng chang zhi hua zhu er fen zhi yi chu ;shou fen hou 72 h、96 hhua fen guan chu yu ting zhi zhuang tai ,bao chi zai hua zhu zu zhi er fen zhi yi chu 。yi jiao shou fen zu ge ‘feng mi guan ’בxiang fen yuan zao ’‘、feng mi guan ’בyan chuan lao ya suan zao ’‘、hui zao ’בjin zao ’‘、xiang fen yuan zao ’בyong ji ge ma zao ’shou fen hou 24 h,hua fen guan sheng chang zhi hua zhu er fen zhi yi chu ;shou fen hou 48 h,hua fen guan sheng chang zhi hua zhu de ji bu ;shou fen hou 72 h,hua fen guan chuan tou hua zhu ji bu ,dao da pei zhu 。shou fen hou 13 d‘,feng mi guan ’בxiang fen yuan zao ’de pei tai fa yo zheng chang ,pei tai fa yo chu yu ge zi heng xiang fen lie hou xiang xiao qiu xing pei fa yo jie duan ,pei ru de fa yo ze chu pei ru you li he shi ji 。dan ‘hui zao ’zi jiao shou fen zu ge biao xian chu you yu chuan fen shou jing bu liang dao zhi de pei bai yo xian xiang 。【jie lun 】jie pou yan jiu fa xian zao zi jiao bu qin he fan ying fa sheng zai hua zhu zu zhi nei ,ji lei xing shu pei zi ti zi jiao bu qin he zhong de ge zi qian bu qin he lei xing ;zao zi jiao bu qin he xing yu pei bai yo gong tong dao zhi zao guo shi de di han ren lv he di zuo guo lv wen ti ,yan chong zhi yao zao shu de za jiao yo chong gong zuo 。
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论文作者分别是来自果树学报的侯思皓,张钟,李一荷,张春梅,杨阳,李新岗，发表于刊物果树学报2019年11期论文，是一篇关于酸枣论文,自交不亲和论文,花粉管论文,胚发育论文,果树学报2019年11期论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自果树学报2019年11期论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：酸枣论文; 自交不亲和论文; 花粉管论文; 胚发育论文; 果树学报2019年11期论文;