论文摘要
锰氧化微生物广泛存在于水相和土壤环境中,可高效地将Mn(Ⅱ)氧化成Mn(Ⅳ),在锰的生物地球化学循环中具有重要的作用。研究发现锰氧化是一个复杂的过程,它包括非生物氧化和生物氧化,其中生物氧化起着主要作用。但是,目前细菌参与的锰生物氧化机理并不十分明确。鉴于此,本研究通过筛选高效锰氧化细菌并对其氧化机理进行探索。从全国各地不同的土样中分离纯化出54株锰氧化细菌,从其中25株高活性菌株中选取5株进行16S rDNA分析,经鉴定3株为蜡样芽胞杆菌,1株为短小芽胞杆菌,1株为巨大芽胞杆菌。另外选取实验室保藏的18株苏云金芽胞杆菌进行锰氧化率的测定,发现有7株菌锰氧化活力比筛选的菌株还要高,因此选取一株高锰氧化菌株Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. entomocidus HD-9进行机理研究。将HD-9发酵液上清经0.22μm无菌微孔滤膜过滤后进行Native-PAGE胶活性分析,将目的条带进行质谱分析,结果与数据库中B. thuringiensis serovar konkukianstr.97-27中过氧化氢酶(CAT)匹配,另外根据文献报道推测锰超氧化物歧化酶(MnSOD)与锰氧化相关,因此扩增B. thuringiensis 97-27中MnSOD和CAT对应的基因sodA和katB,构建原核表达载体分别在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达纯化,同时分别构建芽胞杆菌表达载体在B. thuringiensis BMB171中表达。通过在体外测定MnSOD和CAT的锰氧化活性,发现CAT能直接氧化锰,但锰氧化效率并不高;而MnSOD不能直接氧化锰,但是使用两种酶共同作用时,锰氧化率比单独用CAT作用低;而且表达重组菌株锰氧化率较BMB171有一定的降低。HD-9的发酵液上清经0.22μm无菌微孔滤膜过滤经高温处理后,再分别用MnSOD或CAT处理,锰氧化率增加,但同时用MnSOD和CAT处理时,其锰氧化率反而相对降低,说明这两种酶均在锰氧化过程起一定作用。本研究首次利用微量热仪研究MnSOD表达与Mn(Ⅱ)氧化之间的作用,研究发现sodA在E. coli BL21(DE3)中表达的情况下,加入2.0 mmol/L Mn2+前后其微量热参数有明显的变化,也说明MnSOD酶在锰氧化中发挥一定作用,为细菌锰氧化机理的研究提供一定的依据,对揭示锰氧化相关酶的作用机理方面有着重要的意义。
论文目录
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标签:锰氧化细菌论文; 芽胞杆菌论文; 锰超氧化物歧化酶论文; 过氧化氢酶论文; 微量热论文;