换位思考在坏消息商务信函中的语用研究

论文摘要

商务信函是商务人士沟通信息的重要手段之一。在商务沟通过程中,商务人士既要传递好消息,又要传递坏消息。由于坏消息信函要告知对方一些令人不愉快的或令人失望的消息,同时要达到把坏消息传递给读者,要与其保持良好的人际关系的双重目的,所以该类信函的写作要比其他类型的信函使用更多的策略。“You-attitude”（换位思考）强调信函读者的感受,对于指导坏消息信函写作起着重要作用。“You-attitude”在坏消息商务信函中的应用主要体现为一种体谅的态度,即写作者通过采取积极的语言策略尽量弱化坏消息给读者造成的负面影响,维护读者的面子。本文采用定性分析的方法,结合语用学的合作原则,面子理论与礼貌原则,从词汇、句法和篇章等三个层面探讨“You-attitude”在坏消息商务信函中的应用。通过对34封坏消息商务信函进行实例分析,本文发现“You-attitude”在词汇层面体现为:使用积极语言、模糊语言、情态动词和无人称表达式,避免使用以“you”开头的语句;在句法层面体现为积极口吻、复杂句子、虚拟语气、肯定句、疑问句和被动语态的使用;在语篇层面往往采取间接的方式来体现“You-attitude”。研究坏消息商务信函写作具有一定的理论价值,并且对于商务信函的写作具有指导意义。

论文目录

摘要

Abstract

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Background and Contents of the Present Study

1.2 Significance of the Present Study

1.3 Research Questions

1.4 Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Theoretical Background

2.1.1 Grice's Cooperative Principle

2.1.2 Brown and Levinson's Face Theory

2.1.3 Leech's Politeness Principle

2.2 A General Survey of Bad-News Business Letters

2.2.1 Nature of Bad-News Business Letters

2.2.2 Objectives of Bad-News Business Letters

2.2.3 Types of Bad-News Business Letters

2.3 An Overview of You-Attitude

2.3.1 Previous Studies on You-Attitude

2.3.2 You-Attitude and other Business Letter Writing Principles

2.4 Relations between You-Attitude CP, Face Theory and PP

2.4.1 You-Attitude and Cooperative Principle

2.4.2 You-Attitude and Face Theory

2.4.3 You-Attitude and Politeness Principle

Chapter 3 Methodology

3.1 Research Methods

3.2 Data Collection

Chapter 4 Pragmatic Analysis of You-Attitude in Bad-News Business Letters

4.1 Pragmatic Analysis of You-Attitude at Lexical Level

4.1.1 Using Positive Words and Expressions

4.1.2 Using Hedges

4.1.3 Using Modal Auxiliaries

4.1.4 Avoiding Using You-Language

4.1.5 Using Impersonal Expressions

4.2 Pragmatic Analysis of You-Attitude at Syntactic Level

4.2.1 Using Positive Tones

4.2.2 Using Complex Sentences

4.2.3 Using Subjunctive Mood

4.2.4 Using Affirmative Sentences

4.2.5 Using Interrogative Sentences

4.2.6 Using Passive Voice

4.3 Pragmatic Analysis of You-Attitude at Textual Level

4.3.1 Indirect Approach

4.3.2 General Structure of Bad-News Business Letters

4.3.3 Sample Analysis

Chapter 5 Conclusion

5.1 Major Findings

5.2 Implications

5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Study

References

Appendix

Acknowledgements

Resume

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标签：商务信函论文; 写作论文; 读者论文; 换位思考论文;

换位思考在坏消息商务信函中的语用研究

论文摘要

论文目录

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