汉语新义词语义扩展的认知机制

论文摘要

本研究关注的是现代汉语词汇中的新义词现象。以往新义的研究严重依附于新词的研究,缺乏独立性;已取得的一些研究成果也仅只是从促成新义形成的历史、社会、文化等外在因素进行分析,对新义形成的内在认知机制认识不足。本研究搜集了近十年产生的新义词,并从中选取了250个使用频率较高的词汇作为研究对象,利用定量分析和定性描写相结合的手段,对现代汉语新义词现象做出了全面而细致的描写;同时,利用概念隐喻理论,对新义词生成的内在认知机制进行了比较和分析。研究发现,新义词在现代汉语新词中占有一定比例,是和人们隐喻思维紧密相关的语言变异现象;其语义扩展可分为内在语义扩展和外在语义扩展,每个大类又包含若干小类;通过分析,本文还总结了新义词的五个语义特征,并且我们发现新义词的产生不仅具有语义学上的意义,而且更具有认知学、心理学及文化学上的意义;此外,论文还从历时和共时的角度分析了隐喻和新义词语义扩展的相关过程,得出了新义词语义发展的三个阶段及三种语义扩展方式。论文虽然运用认知隐喻理论对汉语新义词进行了较为详实的论述,但仍存在这样或那样的不足,尤其是哪些新义词更具有语义扩展的可能性,语义扩展速度的快慢等问题还有待更为深入的研究。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 The significance and purpose of the thesis
• 1.2 Research methodology and data collection
• 1.2.1 Research methodology
• 1.2.2 Data collection
• 1.3 Theoretical basis
• 1.4 The organization of the thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Studies of WNS in China
• 2.1.1 Lexical semantic study
• 2.1.1.1 A profile on WNS
• 2.1.1.2 WNS and rhetoric
• 2.1.1.3 WNS and the generalization of technical terms
• 2.1.1.4 Quantitative analysis on WNS
• 2.1.2 Sociolinguistic study on WNS
• 2.1.3 Dictionaries on WNS
• 2.1.4 Standardization study on WNS
• 2.2 Studies of WNS abroad
• 2.3 Studies of lexical semantic extension
• 2.4 Studies of metaphor—cognitive mechanism on semantic extension of WNS
• 2.4.1 Historical metaphor research
• 2.4.2 Contemporary metaphor research
• Chapter 3 A Survey of WNS （1997-2006）
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Preliminary data analysis
• 3.3 Reanalysis of the data
• 3.4 Semantic characteristics of WNS
• 3.4.1 Ductibility on utilization scope of new sense
• 3.4.2 Technical term generalization: the majority part of OWNS
• 3.4.3 The probability and instability of new sense
• 3.4.4 The high productivity of extended new sense
• 3.4.5 The special pragmatic function of new sense
• Chapter 4 Metaphor —Deep-seated Mechanism of WNS Semantic Extension
• 4.1 Nature of metaphorical mechanism
• 4.2 The relationship of metaphor and WNS semantic extension
• 4.3 Characteristics of metaphor
• 4.3.1 Contradiction
• 4.3.2 Extent of Metaphor
• 4.3.3 Fuzziness
• 4.4.T he correlated process of metaphor and WNS semantic extension
• 4.4.1 Three phases of WNS semantic extension from the diachronic point of view
• 4.4.1.1 Metaphorical phase
• 4.4.1.2 Abstraction phase
• 4.4.1.3 Generalization phase
• 4.4.2 Three ways of semantic extension from the synchronic point of view
• 4.4.2.1 Register conversion
• 4.4.2.2 The metaphorical extension based on external similarity
• 4.4.2.3 The metaphorical extension based on inherent similarity
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• References
• Appendix
• 个人简介
• 导师简介
• 获得成果目录清单
• Acknowledgements