英汉语表量结构的语法化研究

论文摘要

本文通过运用语料库的研究方法,对英汉语语料进行对比分析,研究英汉语表量结构的语法化问题。本文分别从表量结构的语义演变和结构演变研究语法化路径,并围绕语法化程度,探讨表量结构语法化机制、动因、认知原因。通过对比英汉语表量结构语法化的相同点和不同点,探索英汉语表量结构的规律。通过对表量结构语法化的对比本文得出以下结论:(1)英汉语表量结构语法化的相同点:从宏观角度来说,英汉语表量结构都经历了相似语法化路径:英汉语表量结构经历了由名词结构或动词结构向表量结构的转变,语法化程度由语法化程度最低向语法化程度较高,再向语法化程度最高转变;英汉语表量结构语义发生弱化。结构发生转变;重新分析和类推的语法化机制推动了语法化的发展。隐喻、转喻和高频率重复的语法化动因促进了英汉语表量结构语法化的发生。(2)英汉语表量结构语法化的不同点:汉语表量结构数量较多,比较典型,且语法化程度较高,英语表量结构数量少,不够典型。英语表量结构整体处于萌芽阶段,相当于汉语秦汉时期的表量结构,英语表量结构整体上语法化程度较低。(3)英汉语表量结构语法化不同点的原因:英汉语语法系统的不同导致了英汉语表量结构程度的不同。英语中的冠词和名词的复数的形式分担了表量功能,而汉语无冠词和名词的单复数的区别,量词承担了表量功能。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Significance of the Study
• 1.2 Research Questions
• 1.3 Research Methodology
• 1.4 Organization of the Thesis
• 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Researches on Grammaticalization
• 2.1.1 Definition of Grammaticalization
• 2.1.2 History of Research on Grammaticalization
• 2.1.3 Mechanisms and Motivations of Grammaticalization
• 2.1.3.1 Mechanisms: Reanalysis and Analogy
• 2.1.3.2 Motivations: Metaphor, Metonymy and Repetition
• 2.2 Researches on the Classifier Construction
• 2.2.1 Previous Studies on the Classifier Construction from Typology
• 2.2.2 Previous Studies on the Classifier Construction in English
• 2.2.3 Previous Studies on the Classifier Construction in Chinese
• 2.2.4 Previous Contrastive Studies of the Classifier Construction between English and Chinese
• 2.2.5 Previous Studies of Grammaticalization of the Classifier Construction in English and Chinese
• 2.3 Summary
• 3 Grammaticalization of the Nominal Classifier Construction in English and Chinese
• 3.1 The Division of the Nominal Classifier Construction in English and Chinese in terms of the Degree of Grammaticalization
• 3.2 Grammaticalization of the Nominal Classifier Construction in English
• 3.2.1 Grammaticalization of the Nominal Classifier Construction of the Lowest Degree in English
• 3.2.2 Grammaticalization of the Nominal Classifier Construction of Higher Degree in English
• 3.2.3 Grammaticalization of the Nominal Classifier Construction of the Highest Degree in English
• 3.3 Grammaticalization of the Nominal Classifier Construction in Chinese
• 3.3.1 The Structural Change of the Nominal Classifier Construction in Chinese
• 3.3.1.1 The Structural Change of the Nominal Classifier Construction of the Lowest Degree of Grammaticalization in Chinese
• 3.3.1.2 The Structural Change of the Nominal Classifier Construction of Higher Degree of Grammaticalization in Chinese
• 3.3.1.2.1 The Structural Change of a Little Higher Nominal Classifier Construction
• 3.3.1.2.2 The Structural Change of Much Higher Nominal Classifier Construction
• 3.3.1.3 The Structural Change of the Nominal Classifier Construction of the Highest Degree of Grammaticalization in Chinese
• 3.3.2 The Semantic Change of the Nominal Classifier Construction in Chinese
• 3.4 Summary
• 4 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction in English and Chinese
• 4.1 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction in English
• 4.1.1 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction of the Lowest Degree in English
• 4.1.2 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction of the Highest Degree in English
• 4.1.2.1 Time（s） without Grammaticalization
• 4.1.2.2 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Time（s） of Higher Degree
• 4.1.2.3 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Time（s） of the Highest Degree
• 4.2 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction in Chinese
• 4.2.1 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction of the Lowest Degree with Bai （拜）
• 4.2.1.1 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Bai of the Lowest Degree
• 4.2.1.2 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Bai of Higher Degree
• 4.2.1.3 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Bai of the Highest Degree
• 4.2.2 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Dun （顿） of Higher Degree
• 4.2.2.1 Grammaticalization of the Verb Dun
• 4.2.2.2 Grammaticalization of the Classifier Construction with Dun of Higher Degree
• 4.2.2.3 Grammaticalization of the Classifier Construction with Dun of the Highest Degree
• 4.2.2.4 Summary
• 4.2.3 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction of the Highest Degree with Ci
• 4.2.3.1 Grammaticalization of Ci of the Lowest Degree
• 4.2.3.2 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Ci of Higher Degree
• 4.2.3.3 Grammaticalization of the Verbal Classifier Construction with Ci of the Highest Degree
• 4.3 Summary
• 5 The Contrast on the Grammaticalization of the Classifier Construction between English and Chinese
• 5.1 The Similarities of the Classifier construction between English and Chinese
• 5.2 The Differences of the Classifier Constructions between English and Chinese
• 5.3 Summary
• 6 Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings
• 6.2 Implication
• 6.3 Suggestions for Further Research
• Bibliography
• Academic Achievements and Awards
• Acknowledgements