本文主要研究内容
作者邓国鸿(2019)在《含铀复杂体系下胶原基吸附剂对铀的吸附富集基础研究》一文中研究指出:国防军工及核电工业对核燃料的需求促进了铀矿资源的开发,但是随着铀矿冶的深度开采,陆地上铀矿资源已成匮乏趋势,盐湖中的铀储量丰富,是潜在的“液体铀矿”。本论文利用成本低廉的皮胶原基材料通过简单的水解处理制备得到改性废弃皮革吸附材料和改性胶原纤维吸附材料,并系统研究了对U(Ⅵ)的动态吸附特性,通过动态吸附特性和物理特性的对比,选出较好吸附性能的吸附材料应用于动态吸附工艺研究,考察了在工艺上的吸附效果及实际应用价值。研究结果表明:(1)废弃皮革通过氢氧化钠水解后得到改性废弃皮革吸附剂(AALW),并应用于动态吸附中。在柱高35cm,初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为12mg/L,流速为1.7mL/min,单位吸附量分别为4.811、7.357、11.421mg/g;初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为618mg/L,流速为1.7mL/min,柱高4cm,单位吸附量分别为6.519、7.357、8.545mg/g;流速为0.852.55mL/min,初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为12mg/L,柱高为4cm,单位吸附量分别为8.695、7.357、8.038mg/g。Thomas模型(R2>0.95)能够很好拟合AALW吸附剂动态吸附穿透曲线,且不同条件下吸附量的预测值(4.7710.65mg/g)与实际测试值(4.81111.421mg/g)较为接近;同时该穿透曲线符合Yoon-Nelson模型(R2>0.90),不同条件下50%穿透时间的预测值(1569.568251.68min)与实际值(14809120min)较为接近;根据穿透时间随填料高度的关系式,利用BDST模型进行线性拟合,在仅改变初始U(Ⅵ)浓度和流速时,穿透时间预测值(1551327min)与实际测试值(1951245min)较为接近,表明固定床的动态吸附周期能够由BDST模型来确定。利用0.05 mol/L的硝酸脱附不同柱高下的改性废弃皮革吸附柱,脱附率为92.96、93.9、95.2%。(2)改性胶原纤维吸附剂(AACF)制备的最佳条件是:NaOH浓度(0.075mol/L),水解时间(6h),水解温度(60℃)。静态吸附表明AACF对U(Ⅵ)吸附的最佳pH为5,当投料量为0.02g,初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为20mg/L时,该吸附剂的吸附量可达到49.662mg/g。该吸附过程在360min达到吸附平衡,且符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型,高温有利于吸附的进行,AACF对U(Ⅵ)的吸附属于化学吸附,主要是以离子交换和配位络合为主。选取在盐湖中浓度较高的六种离子进行了高盐度体系的模拟,考察了吸附剂在(U-Na+,U-K+,U-Mg2+,U-Cl-,U-HCO3-,U-SO42-)二元溶液中对U(Ⅵ)的吸附性能,其中AACF受HCO3-的影响较大,而在其他的二元溶液中吸附剂对U(Ⅵ)吸附率均在80%以上。在多次循环吸附过程中发现,该吸附剂具有较好的再生性能。(3)AACF吸附剂对U(Ⅵ)的动态吸附特性为:当柱高24cm,初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为10mg/L,流速为11.9mL/min,单位吸附量分别为14.723、17.363、18.751mg/g;初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为515mg/L,流速为11.9mL/min,柱高3cm,单位吸附量分别为13.878、17.363、18.599mg/g;流速为10.213.6mL/min,初始U(Ⅵ)浓度为10mg/L,柱高3cm,单位吸附量分别为18.357、17.363、14.449mg/g。不同条件下穿透曲线的实验数据符合Thomas模型(R2>0.94)和Yoon-Nelson模型(R2>0.93),其中吸附量(12.61216.647mg/g)和50%穿透时间(167.81453.32min)的预测值分别与吸附量实际测试值(13.87818.751mg/g)和50%穿透时间实际测试值(160400min)较为接近。用BDST模型对不同填料高度的穿透时间进行拟合发现穿透时间预测值(46194min)与实际测试值(28163min)较为接近,表明固定床的动态吸附周期能够由BDST模型来确定。进一步对改性胶原纤维吸附剂进行动态脱附实验,且不同高度下的脱附率为92.86、94.5、96.63%,具有较好的脱附效果。(4)改性胶原纤维在柱高为3cm,流速为11.9mL/min,浓度为10mg/L的条件下,单位吸附量为17.363mg/g,而改性废弃皮革在柱高为4cm,流速为1.7mL/min,浓度为12mg/L的条件下,单位吸附量为7.357mg/g,可以看出改性胶原纤维吸附剂具有更好的吸附效果。选用改性胶原纤维进行工艺研究,发现改性胶原纤维串联吸附柱的单位吸附量20.042mg/g高于单个吸附柱的单位吸附量17.363mg/g。动态吸附装置在高盐度复杂体系下进行串联动态吸附的放大实验,发现总的吸附量达到67%以上,具有潜在的实际应用前景。
Abstract
guo fang jun gong ji he dian gong ye dui he ran liao de xu qiu cu jin le you kuang zi yuan de kai fa ,dan shi sui zhao you kuang ye de shen du kai cai ,liu de shang you kuang zi yuan yi cheng kui fa qu shi ,yan hu zhong de you chu liang feng fu ,shi qian zai de “ye ti you kuang ”。ben lun wen li yong cheng ben di lian de pi jiao yuan ji cai liao tong guo jian chan de shui jie chu li zhi bei de dao gai xing fei qi pi ge xi fu cai liao he gai xing jiao yuan qian wei xi fu cai liao ,bing ji tong yan jiu le dui U(Ⅵ)de dong tai xi fu te xing ,tong guo dong tai xi fu te xing he wu li te xing de dui bi ,shua chu jiao hao xi fu xing neng de xi fu cai liao ying yong yu dong tai xi fu gong yi yan jiu ,kao cha le zai gong yi shang de xi fu xiao guo ji shi ji ying yong jia zhi 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming :(1)fei qi pi ge tong guo qing yang hua na shui jie hou de dao gai xing fei qi pi ge xi fu ji (AALW),bing ying yong yu dong tai xi fu zhong 。zai zhu gao 35cm,chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 12mg/L,liu su wei 1.7mL/min,chan wei xi fu liang fen bie wei 4.811、7.357、11.421mg/g;chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 618mg/L,liu su wei 1.7mL/min,zhu gao 4cm,chan wei xi fu liang fen bie wei 6.519、7.357、8.545mg/g;liu su wei 0.852.55mL/min,chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 12mg/L,zhu gao wei 4cm,chan wei xi fu liang fen bie wei 8.695、7.357、8.038mg/g。Thomasmo xing (R2>0.95)neng gou hen hao ni ge AALWxi fu ji dong tai xi fu chuan tou qu xian ,ju bu tong tiao jian xia xi fu liang de yu ce zhi (4.7710.65mg/g)yu shi ji ce shi zhi (4.81111.421mg/g)jiao wei jie jin ;tong shi gai chuan tou qu xian fu ge Yoon-Nelsonmo xing (R2>0.90),bu tong tiao jian xia 50%chuan tou shi jian de yu ce zhi (1569.568251.68min)yu shi ji zhi (14809120min)jiao wei jie jin ;gen ju chuan tou shi jian sui tian liao gao du de guan ji shi ,li yong BDSTmo xing jin hang xian xing ni ge ,zai jin gai bian chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du he liu su shi ,chuan tou shi jian yu ce zhi (1551327min)yu shi ji ce shi zhi (1951245min)jiao wei jie jin ,biao ming gu ding chuang de dong tai xi fu zhou ji neng gou you BDSTmo xing lai que ding 。li yong 0.05 mol/Lde xiao suan tuo fu bu tong zhu gao xia de gai xing fei qi pi ge xi fu zhu ,tuo fu lv wei 92.96、93.9、95.2%。(2)gai xing jiao yuan qian wei xi fu ji (AACF)zhi bei de zui jia tiao jian shi :NaOHnong du (0.075mol/L),shui jie shi jian (6h),shui jie wen du (60℃)。jing tai xi fu biao ming AACFdui U(Ⅵ)xi fu de zui jia pHwei 5,dang tou liao liang wei 0.02g,chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 20mg/Lshi ,gai xi fu ji de xi fu liang ke da dao 49.662mg/g。gai xi fu guo cheng zai 360minda dao xi fu ping heng ,ju fu ge Langmuirdeng wen xi fu mo xing he zhun er ji dong li xue mo xing ,gao wen you li yu xi fu de jin hang ,AACFdui U(Ⅵ)de xi fu shu yu hua xue xi fu ,zhu yao shi yi li zi jiao huan he pei wei lao ge wei zhu 。shua qu zai yan hu zhong nong du jiao gao de liu chong li zi jin hang le gao yan du ti ji de mo ni ,kao cha le xi fu ji zai (U-Na+,U-K+,U-Mg2+,U-Cl-,U-HCO3-,U-SO42-)er yuan rong ye zhong dui U(Ⅵ)de xi fu xing neng ,ji zhong AACFshou HCO3-de ying xiang jiao da ,er zai ji ta de er yuan rong ye zhong xi fu ji dui U(Ⅵ)xi fu lv jun zai 80%yi shang 。zai duo ci xun huan xi fu guo cheng zhong fa xian ,gai xi fu ji ju you jiao hao de zai sheng xing neng 。(3)AACFxi fu ji dui U(Ⅵ)de dong tai xi fu te xing wei :dang zhu gao 24cm,chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 10mg/L,liu su wei 11.9mL/min,chan wei xi fu liang fen bie wei 14.723、17.363、18.751mg/g;chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 515mg/L,liu su wei 11.9mL/min,zhu gao 3cm,chan wei xi fu liang fen bie wei 13.878、17.363、18.599mg/g;liu su wei 10.213.6mL/min,chu shi U(Ⅵ)nong du wei 10mg/L,zhu gao 3cm,chan wei xi fu liang fen bie wei 18.357、17.363、14.449mg/g。bu tong tiao jian xia chuan tou qu xian de shi yan shu ju fu ge Thomasmo xing (R2>0.94)he Yoon-Nelsonmo xing (R2>0.93),ji zhong xi fu liang (12.61216.647mg/g)he 50%chuan tou shi jian (167.81453.32min)de yu ce zhi fen bie yu xi fu liang shi ji ce shi zhi (13.87818.751mg/g)he 50%chuan tou shi jian shi ji ce shi zhi (160400min)jiao wei jie jin 。yong BDSTmo xing dui bu tong tian liao gao du de chuan tou shi jian jin hang ni ge fa xian chuan tou shi jian yu ce zhi (46194min)yu shi ji ce shi zhi (28163min)jiao wei jie jin ,biao ming gu ding chuang de dong tai xi fu zhou ji neng gou you BDSTmo xing lai que ding 。jin yi bu dui gai xing jiao yuan qian wei xi fu ji jin hang dong tai tuo fu shi yan ,ju bu tong gao du xia de tuo fu lv wei 92.86、94.5、96.63%,ju you jiao hao de tuo fu xiao guo 。(4)gai xing jiao yuan qian wei zai zhu gao wei 3cm,liu su wei 11.9mL/min,nong du wei 10mg/Lde tiao jian xia ,chan wei xi fu liang wei 17.363mg/g,er gai xing fei qi pi ge zai zhu gao wei 4cm,liu su wei 1.7mL/min,nong du wei 12mg/Lde tiao jian xia ,chan wei xi fu liang wei 7.357mg/g,ke yi kan chu gai xing jiao yuan qian wei xi fu ji ju you geng hao de xi fu xiao guo 。shua yong gai xing jiao yuan qian wei jin hang gong yi yan jiu ,fa xian gai xing jiao yuan qian wei chuan lian xi fu zhu de chan wei xi fu liang 20.042mg/ggao yu chan ge xi fu zhu de chan wei xi fu liang 17.363mg/g。dong tai xi fu zhuang zhi zai gao yan du fu za ti ji xia jin hang chuan lian dong tai xi fu de fang da shi yan ,fa xian zong de xi fu liang da dao 67%yi shang ,ju you qian zai de shi ji ying yong qian jing 。
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论文作者分别是来自西南科技大学的邓国鸿,发表于刊物西南科技大学2019-09-02论文,是一篇关于胶原纤维论文,吸附论文,盐湖论文,基础论文,西南科技大学2019-09-02论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自西南科技大学2019-09-02论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:胶原纤维论文; 吸附论文; 盐湖论文; 基础论文; 西南科技大学2019-09-02论文;