本文主要研究内容
作者牛连梅(2019)在《水分亏缺对小麦旗叶和穗器官叶绿素降解及抗氧化特性的影响》一文中研究指出:小麦穗器官表现出较强的光合特性和抗逆性,其在水分亏缺下灌浆期对籽粒产量贡献不可忽略。深入探究小麦穗部高光合及抗旱特性机制,对旱作小麦育种具有一定的理论指导意义。本研究采用盆栽试验,选用西北地区主栽旱作小麦品种,测定水分亏缺下旗叶和穗净光合速率及叶绿素荧光参数等生理指标,分析叶绿素降解关键酶和抗氧化酶活性及基因表达指标,利用透射电镜观察小麦旗叶及颖片叶绿体结构,为揭示小麦穗器官的抗旱生理机制提供理论依据,获得如下主要结果:1.水分亏缺下小麦旗叶净光合速率在整个灌浆期均呈现下降趋势,穗净光合速率6 DAA达到峰值。12、18 DAA旗叶净光合速率分别下降20%,23.1%,而穗净光合速率下降幅度小于旗叶(7.9%,20%)。水分亏缺下旗叶叶绿素荧光信号18 DAA显著降低(P<0.05);Fv/Fm,NPQ和ΦPSⅡ值分别降低33.9%,20.4%,18.3%,而穗器官中颖片和外稃降低幅度较小,颖片叶绿素分别降低16.0%,14.9%,11.9%。水分亏缺下,颖片、外稃、芒叶绿素含量18,24 DAA降幅小于旗叶。表明相比于旗叶,水分亏缺下小麦穗器官颖片、外稃、芒在灌浆中后期保持较高的光合能力,颖片光系统Ⅱ在灌浆中后期也保持较高的活力。2.水分亏缺下旗叶和芒CHL(叶绿素酶),PPH(脱镁叶绿素酶)活性均呈现先升后降的趋势,叶绿素酶活性18 DAA达到峰值,脱镁叶绿素酶活性24 DAA达到峰值。穗器官中叶绿素酶活性花后24 DAA达到峰值,脱镁叶绿素酶活性整个灌浆期一直升高。叶绿素酶,脱镁叶绿素酶基因表达趋势与酶活趋势一致,18-24 DAA旗叶叶绿素酶基因表达量分别是颖片的1.24和1.21倍;脱镁叶绿素酶基因表达量分别是颖片的1.24,1.18倍。水分亏缺下花后24 DAA旗叶叶绿体体积变小,有质体小球出现叶绿体基粒片层开始出现紊乱现象,相比而言颖片叶绿体体积变大,叶绿体保持完整的结构,基粒片层依然清晰可见且含量丰富,质体小球含量较旗叶低。3.水分亏缺下,小麦中活性氧含量增加,与之对应的抗氧化酶活性也升高。18 DAA旗叶O2·-与H2O2出现较明显的颜色变化,且在灌浆中后期颜色显现较穗部各器官明显。三种抗氧化酶在五种器官中0-6 DAA活性均很小,旗叶与芒中SOD,POD,CAT酶活0-18 DAA均保持升高的趋势,24 DAA开始下降,而颖片与外稃从0 DAA酶活升高24DAA达到峰值后下降,灌浆中后期颖片酶活均高于旗叶。基因表达量趋势与酶活性趋势一致,24-30 DAA颖片CAT表达量显著高于旗叶(P<0.05),分别为旗叶中1.55,1.53倍,而Cu/Zn-SOD表达量18-30 DAA分别为旗叶中的1.21,1.74倍。综上,灌浆后期小麦穗部表现较高的光合特性及光系统Ⅱ活性,叶绿体结构完整,叶绿素降解起始较晚,抗氧化潜力较强,证明小麦穗部在灌浆后期具有维持高光效及延缓衰老的有利条件。
Abstract
xiao mai sui qi guan biao xian chu jiao jiang de guang ge te xing he kang ni xing ,ji zai shui fen kui que xia guan jiang ji dui zi li chan liang gong suo bu ke hu lve 。shen ru tan jiu xiao mai sui bu gao guang ge ji kang han te xing ji zhi ,dui han zuo xiao mai yo chong ju you yi ding de li lun zhi dao yi yi 。ben yan jiu cai yong pen zai shi yan ,shua yong xi bei de ou zhu zai han zuo xiao mai pin chong ,ce ding shui fen kui que xia qi xie he sui jing guang ge su lv ji xie lu su ying guang can shu deng sheng li zhi biao ,fen xi xie lu su jiang jie guan jian mei he kang yang hua mei huo xing ji ji yin biao da zhi biao ,li yong tou she dian jing guan cha xiao mai qi xie ji ying pian xie lu ti jie gou ,wei jie shi xiao mai sui qi guan de kang han sheng li ji zhi di gong li lun yi ju ,huo de ru xia zhu yao jie guo :1.shui fen kui que xia xiao mai qi xie jing guang ge su lv zai zheng ge guan jiang ji jun cheng xian xia jiang qu shi ,sui jing guang ge su lv 6 DAAda dao feng zhi 。12、18 DAAqi xie jing guang ge su lv fen bie xia jiang 20%,23.1%,er sui jing guang ge su lv xia jiang fu du xiao yu qi xie (7.9%,20%)。shui fen kui que xia qi xie xie lu su ying guang xin hao 18 DAAxian zhe jiang di (P<0.05);Fv/Fm,NPQhe ΦPSⅡzhi fen bie jiang di 33.9%,20.4%,18.3%,er sui qi guan zhong ying pian he wai fu jiang di fu du jiao xiao ,ying pian xie lu su fen bie jiang di 16.0%,14.9%,11.9%。shui fen kui que xia ,ying pian 、wai fu 、mang xie lu su han liang 18,24 DAAjiang fu xiao yu qi xie 。biao ming xiang bi yu qi xie ,shui fen kui que xia xiao mai sui qi guan ying pian 、wai fu 、mang zai guan jiang zhong hou ji bao chi jiao gao de guang ge neng li ,ying pian guang ji tong Ⅱzai guan jiang zhong hou ji ye bao chi jiao gao de huo li 。2.shui fen kui que xia qi xie he mang CHL(xie lu su mei ),PPH(tuo mei xie lu su mei )huo xing jun cheng xian xian sheng hou jiang de qu shi ,xie lu su mei huo xing 18 DAAda dao feng zhi ,tuo mei xie lu su mei huo xing 24 DAAda dao feng zhi 。sui qi guan zhong xie lu su mei huo xing hua hou 24 DAAda dao feng zhi ,tuo mei xie lu su mei huo xing zheng ge guan jiang ji yi zhi sheng gao 。xie lu su mei ,tuo mei xie lu su mei ji yin biao da qu shi yu mei huo qu shi yi zhi ,18-24 DAAqi xie xie lu su mei ji yin biao da liang fen bie shi ying pian de 1.24he 1.21bei ;tuo mei xie lu su mei ji yin biao da liang fen bie shi ying pian de 1.24,1.18bei 。shui fen kui que xia hua hou 24 DAAqi xie xie lu ti ti ji bian xiao ,you zhi ti xiao qiu chu xian xie lu ti ji li pian ceng kai shi chu xian wen luan xian xiang ,xiang bi er yan ying pian xie lu ti ti ji bian da ,xie lu ti bao chi wan zheng de jie gou ,ji li pian ceng yi ran qing xi ke jian ju han liang feng fu ,zhi ti xiao qiu han liang jiao qi xie di 。3.shui fen kui que xia ,xiao mai zhong huo xing yang han liang zeng jia ,yu zhi dui ying de kang yang hua mei huo xing ye sheng gao 。18 DAAqi xie O2·-yu H2O2chu xian jiao ming xian de yan se bian hua ,ju zai guan jiang zhong hou ji yan se xian xian jiao sui bu ge qi guan ming xian 。san chong kang yang hua mei zai wu chong qi guan zhong 0-6 DAAhuo xing jun hen xiao ,qi xie yu mang zhong SOD,POD,CATmei huo 0-18 DAAjun bao chi sheng gao de qu shi ,24 DAAkai shi xia jiang ,er ying pian yu wai fu cong 0 DAAmei huo sheng gao 24DAAda dao feng zhi hou xia jiang ,guan jiang zhong hou ji ying pian mei huo jun gao yu qi xie 。ji yin biao da liang qu shi yu mei huo xing qu shi yi zhi ,24-30 DAAying pian CATbiao da liang xian zhe gao yu qi xie (P<0.05),fen bie wei qi xie zhong 1.55,1.53bei ,er Cu/Zn-SODbiao da liang 18-30 DAAfen bie wei qi xie zhong de 1.21,1.74bei 。zeng shang ,guan jiang hou ji xiao mai sui bu biao xian jiao gao de guang ge te xing ji guang ji tong Ⅱhuo xing ,xie lu ti jie gou wan zheng ,xie lu su jiang jie qi shi jiao wan ,kang yang hua qian li jiao jiang ,zheng ming xiao mai sui bu zai guan jiang hou ji ju you wei chi gao guang xiao ji yan huan cui lao de you li tiao jian 。
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论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的牛连梅,发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文,是一篇关于水分亏缺论文,小麦穗论文,叶绿素降解论文,抗氧化酶论文,超微结构论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:水分亏缺论文; 小麦穗论文; 叶绿素降解论文; 抗氧化酶论文; 超微结构论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;